Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2022

Stephen Coombes

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2022-0229, written 25 Jul 2022. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report25 Jul 2022
Reference2022-0229
DeceasedStephen Coombes
CoronerNigel Parsley
Coroner areaSuffolk
CategoryRoad (Highways Safety) related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28:  REPORT TO  PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS (1) 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS  REPORT IS  BEING SENT TO: 

The Asset,  Policy and  Commissioning  Manager, 
Suffolk Highways, 
3 Goddard Road, 
Ipswich, 
IP1  SNP 

General  Manager 
Kier Highways Lid 
3 Goddard Road, 
Ipswich, 
IP1  SNP 

1 

CORONER

I am Nigel  Parsley,  Senior Coroner,  for the coroner area of Suffolk. 

2 

CORONER'S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7,  Schedule 5,  of the Coroners and Justice Act 
2009 and  Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION and  INQUEST

On 7th  September 2021  I commenced  an  investigation  into the tragic death of 
Stephen John COOMBES 

The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on  22nd  July 2022.  The 
conclusion of the inquest was that:-

Stephen 'John' Coombes died on the 3rd  September 2021, at the Addenbrookes 
Hospital, in  Cambridge. 

John had  been  admitted to the Addenbrookes Hospital on  the 29th  August 2021 
following  a single vehicle road traffic collision on the A1101, Burnt Fen,  near 
Mildenhall in  Suffolk. 

Immediately after the road traffic collision, John was trapped upside down in 
his vehicle, and  initially could not be  extracted from  it. Due to the position he 
was  in, John's airway was closed, inducing postural asphyxia. 

The medical cause of death was confirmed as: 

1a Complications arising  from  traumatic and hypoxic-ischaemic brain  injury 
1 b Head  injury in  association with postural asphyxia. 

4 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

Stephen  'John' Coombes died on the 3rd  September 2021,  at the Addenbrookes 
Hospital,  in  Cambridge. 

 
 
 John had  been  admitted to the Addenbrookes Hospital on  the 29th  August 2021 
following  a single vehicle road traffic collision  on  the A 1101,  Burnt Fen,  near 
Mildenhall in  Suffolk. 

The convertible Porsche John was driving  left the road  and came to rest upside down 
in  a ditch.  John was originally trapped  in  the upside-down car pinned to the  ground. 

Attending  police officers and ambulance crew were able to release John and  extricate 
him from  the vehicle. 

John was taken to Addenbrookes,  but due to  the  injuries he  had  received,  he 
continued  to deteriorate until he passed away on  the 3rd  September 2021. 

Subsequent police investigation identified that a deep depression in  the road  surface 
contributed  to John losing control  of the vehicle he was driving. 

This depression was known to  be present by the  Highways authority,  and  a temporary 
30  mph  speed limit (instead of the usual 50mph) had  been  put in  place. 

Inadequate road  signage,  did not reflect the temporary 30mph  limit and John  hit the 
depression at approximately 50mph,  his vehicle being forced off the  road as  a result. 

Had John known to  negotiate the depression at 30 mph,  this tragic incident would  not 
have occurred. 

5 

CORONER'S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed  matters given rise to concern. 
In  my  opinion there is  a risk that future deaths could  occur unless action  is taken.  In 
the circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you; 

the MATTERS OF CONCERN as follows.  -

The court heard that the depression was known  to  be present by  the Highways 
Authority,  and  a temporary  30 mph speed limit (instead of the usual 50mph)  had  been 
put in  place. 

Evidence was  heard from  the  Forensic Crash  Investigation Officer from  Suffolk 
Constabulary, who conducted an  investigation into the road  traffic collision which 
caused  John's death. 

This officer told the court,  how he and  a colleague drove a police vehicle over the 
depression in  the road  at various speeds to observe the reaction  the vehicle had  to 
damaged road  surface. 

At 30  mph the police vehicle negotiated the depression in  the  road with  relative ease. 

At 50  mph,  the  police vehicle reacted  significantly when  negotiating the depression. 

At the time of Johns collision,  he  had just overtaken another vehicle and therefore 
crossed the depression a slight angle as he  returned to his own  side of the carriage 
way. 

When the police officers replicated  this vehicle movement at 50  mph, the police 
vehicle  reacted violently, with one of the  rear wheels leaving the surface of the road. 
The officer driving that vehicle was not prepared to  attempt the same manoeuvre at 
any higher speed due to the risk involved. 

 The  police officer then told  the court that the attending officers themselves were 
unaware of 30  mph speed  limit on  this stretch  of road.  The officer told the court that 
the main  50  mph signs,  the  smaller repeater 50  mph  signs and  the 50  mph  roundels 
painted  on  the  road  surface were all clearly visible on  this stretch  of road. 

Prior to  the depression the  officer saw one temporary 30mph  partially obscured in  the 
verge,  but assumed  it was left over from  previous works,  as all of the  50mph signs 
remained  in  view. 

Evidence was heard that in  the  normal course of events, when  a temporary reduction 
in  a speed  limit is imposed on  a stretch of road,  any signage indicating a higher speed 
limit should  be covered  by  either securing a dark bag or sack over the sign,  or spray 
painting  ii out. 

On the  basis of the police officers' evidence,  that clearly did  not occur in  this case, 
and this,  coupled to there being only one 30mph temporary sign  in  place prior to the 
depression in  the  road,  left road  users (and attending police officers) unaware of the 
reduced  speed limit in  place. 

I am therefore concerned that should further identified road  defects require a 
reduction  in  the speed limit,  that any repeat of the provision of inadequate signage 
and/or a failure obscure higher speed limits may result in  further fatalities. 

6 

ACTION  SHOULD BE  TAKEN 

In  my opinion action  should  be taken  in  order to  prevent future deaths, and I believe 
you or your organisation  have the power to take any such action you  identify. 

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are  under a duty to respond  to this  report within  56  days of the date of this report, 
namely by  19th  September 2022 I,  the Senior Coroner,  may extend the  period  if I 
consider ii reasonable to do so. 

Your response  must contain  details of action taken or proposed to  be taken,  setting 
out the timetable for action.  Otherwise you  must explain why no action  is proposed. 

8 

COPIES and  PUBLICATION

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the  following  Interested 
Persons;-

1.  John's next of kin. 

I am under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response. 

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both  in  a complete or redacted or summary 
form.  He may  send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find  ii 
useful  or of interest.  You  may make representations to  me,  the Senior Coroner,  at the 
time of your response,  about the release or the  publication of your response by  the 
Chief Coroner. 

9 

25th  Julv 2022 

V 

Niqel Parslev

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Kier Integrated Services (PDF)
RESPONSE BY KIER INTEGRATED SERVICES LIMITED TO THE REGULATION 28 REPORT TO 
PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS FOLLOWING THE CONCLUSION OF THE INQUEST INTO THE 
DEATH OF STEPHEN JOHN COOMBES 

Kier Integrated Services Limited (“Kier”) write in response to the regulation 28 report to prevent future 
deaths made following the inquest touching upon the death of Stephen John Coombes that took place 
on  22  July  2022  before  Senior  Coroner  Nigel  Parsley.  The  inquest  concluded  with  a  short  form 
conclusion of ‘road traffic accident’. 

The matters of concern stated within the regulation 28 report included the following: 

The  court  heard  that  the  depression  was  known  to  be  present  by  the  Highways  Authority,  and  a 
temporary 30 mph speed limit (instead of the usual 50mph) had been put in place. 

The police officer then told the court that the attending officers themselves were unaware of 30 mph 
speed limit on this stretch of road. The officer told the court that the main 50 mph signs, the smaller 
repeater 50 mph signs and the 50 mph roundels painted on the road surface were all clearly visible on 
this stretch of road. 

Prior  to  the  depression  the  officer  saw  one  temporary  30mph  partially  obscured  in  the  verge,  but 
assumed it was left over from previous works, as all of the 50mph signs remained in view. 

Evidence was heard that in the normal course of events, when a temporary reduction in a speed limit 
is imposed on a stretch of road, any signage indicating a higher speed limit should be covered by either 
securing a dark bag or sack over the sign, or spray painting it out. 

On the basis of the police officers' evidence, that clearly did not occur in this case, and this, coupled to 
there being only one 30mph temporary sign in place prior to the depression in the road, left road users 
(and attending police officers) unaware of the reduced speed limit in place. 

I am therefore concerned that should further identified road defects require a reduction in the speed 
limit, that any repeat of the provision of inadequate signage and/or a failure obscure higher speed limits 
may result in further fatalities. 

This regulation 28 report issued by the Senior Coroner was addressed to both Suffolk County Council 
Highways department and Kier. Kier were not previously asked to provide any information to assist the 
Coroner or invited to attend the inquest as an Interested Person or otherwise, and as such there was 
limited  opportunity  for  Kier  to  provide  assistance  to  the  Coroner  during  the  course  of  the  coronial 
proceedings.    

Kier takes its responsibilities and obligations extremely seriously, has considered the Senior Coroner’s 
concerns and is responding accordingly.  Kier would like to take this opportunity to convey their sincere 
condolences to the family of Mr Coombes following the tragic incident that occurred on 29 August 2021. 

By way of background and to assist the Coroner, Kier Integrated Services Limited have been contracted 
by  Suffolk  County  Council  to  provide  highways  maintenance  services  in  Suffolk,  to  include  reactive 
works, since October 2013.  Suffolk County Council instructs Kier to carry out these works, providing 
the  necessary  details  regarding  the  location  and  nature  of  the  works  required.    Once  Kier  receives 
instructions  for  reactive  works  these  are  planned  and  scheduled  using  the  Works  Manager  System 
(“WMS”).  WMS is used by Kier to plan, schedule and record the delivery of highways maintenance 
works.  The works orders are then delivered by the works gangs in accordance with the contractual 
requirements.    These  works  orders  can  include  the  imposition  of  temporary  speed  limits  as  part  of 
temporary traffic management measures.  It should be noted that the instructions from Suffolk County 
Council relating to the imposition of temporary speed limits forms only a very small proportion of the 
total number of reactive works instructions received by Kier relating to the maintenance of the highways 
in Suffolk.   

 
 
 
 
 
 Kier  is  committed  to  protecting  road  users  and  the  workforce  in  relation  to  the  installation  of  traffic 
management by or on behalf of Kier.  To this end, Kier has in place a specific traffic management design 
standard setting out the necessary process, which includes the planning of traffic management checks 
and maintenance following installation on site the purpose of which is to maintain the safety and integrity 
of the traffic management measures for the duration of the scheme. 

The reactive works instructed by Suffolk County Council at Burnt Fen Turnpike involved the design and 
installation of the temporary traffic management, to include the imposition of a temporary speed limit of 
30mph. These works were instructed to be carried out by Kier’s sub-contractor, Highway Assurance 
Limited,  who  were  assessed  as  being  competent  to  carry  out  such  work  and  had  demonstrated 
compliance with Kier’s Traffic Management design standard.  The installation of the temporary Traffic 
Management included the obscuring of the existing pole mounted speed limit signs and the installation 
of 30mph temporary speed limit signs.  Checks of the traffic management measures were carried out 
on a number of occasions following installation.   

Since  the  incident  Kier  has  reviewed  its  procedures  relating  to  checks  and  maintenance  of  traffic 
management measures at unattended sites in Suffolk.  In the event that Kier receives an instruction 
from Suffolk County Council that includes the imposition of a temporary reduced speed limit the existing 
speed  limit  signs  are  fully  covered  with  an  opaque  material.    In  the  event  that  there  are  roundels 
displaying the existing speed limit on the road surface these will also be appropriately obscured and/or 
removed.   

Checks of installed temporary traffic management measures, to include temporary speed limit signs, 
are undertaken on a daily basis, to include weekends and bank holidays, at all sites.  In the event that 
an issue is identified with the traffic management measures on site requiring additional or replacement 
measures these are duly installed. 

WMS has been updated to continue to ensure that traffic management checks are scheduled from the 
point of installation.  This update of WMS has been underpinned by the implementation of an enhanced 
procedure, with an associated audit programme, to help ensure that traffic management checks and 
maintenance, to include signs showing temporary speed limits, are planned, scheduled, allocated and 
undertaken.      All  staff  responsible  for  the  planning,  scheduling  and  allocation  of  traffic  management 
works  have  been  trained  on  and  are  working  to  this  enhanced  procedure.    In  addition,  enhanced 
guidance has been developed for works gangs carrying out checks of traffic management measures on 
site, this includes the taking and recording of photographs to show that the measures remain in place.  
In conjunction with this guidance, toolbox talks on undertaking traffic management checks have been 
delivered to the work gangs engaged by Kier on the contract with Suffolk County Council. 

A site investigation and options study of Burnt Fen Turnpike was requested by Suffolk County Council, 
to review the carriageway conditions and identify proposals for the improvement of the road.  This was 
completed in July 2022 for Suffolk County Council’s consideration.

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