Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2023

Raymond Eggleton

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2023-0457, written 17 Nov 2023. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report17 Nov 2023
Reference2023-0457
DeceasedRaymond Eggleton
CoronerDavid Ridley
Coroner areaWiltshire and Swindon
CategoryHospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published2

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

HM Senior Coroner 
for Wiltshire and Swindon 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO  PREVENT FUTURE  DEATHS 

THIS  REPORT IS  BEING  SENT TO: 

Chief Executive 
The Great Western Hospital 
Marlborough Road 
Swindon 
SN3 6BB 

Ms. Victoria Atkins  MP 
Secretary of State for Health and  Social Care 
Department of Health and  Social Care 
39 Victoria Street 
London 
SW1H 0EU 

CORONER 

I am  David  Ridley,  Senior Coroner for Wiltshire and  Swindon 

2 

CORONER'S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this  report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5,  of the Coroners and  Justice Act 2009 and 
regulations 28 and 29 of the  Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 
http://www.legislation .gov.uk/ukpga/2009/25/schedule/5/paragraph/7 
http://www. legislation .gov.uk/uksi/2013/1629/part/7/made 

3 

INVESTIGATION and  INQUEST 

On  the  13th  February  2023  I  commenced  an  investigation  into  the  death  of  Raymond  Lionel 
Eggleton and  I opened an  Inquest into his death on  the same date.  On  the  14th  November 2023 
I concluded  Ray's  Inquest.  I found  the medical cause of death was as follows: 

1a.  Aspiration  Pneumonia 
1 b.  Dysphagia 
1c.  Hospital Acquired  Delirium and  Immobility due to  Osteoporotic Right Fractured 
Neck of Femur (Operated  19/01/2023) and  Acute On-Chronic Subdural Haemorrhage 
and  Subarachnoid Haemorrhage following a Fall  on  Ward 

II. 

Falls due to Orthostatic Hypotension and  Frailty of Old  Age 

By  way  of a  conclusion,  I  recorded  not  only  the  short  form  conclusion  of  Accident  but  also  a 
Narrative Conclusion  to  explain  when,  where and  how (by what means  Ray came  by  his  death). 
That Narrative Conclusion was as follows:  -

"Raymond  died  on  the  afternoon  of 25  January 2023  at the  Great Western  Hospital  in  Swindon 
having developed an  aspiration  pneumonia attributable to  swallowing issues (dysphagia),  having 
developed  hospital  acquired  delirium  and  immobility following  a fall  on  the  Linnet Acute  Medical 
Unit  during  the  early  hours  on  18  January  2023.  As  a  result  of the  fall  Raymond  sustained  an 
osteoporotic right fractured  neck  of femur  (repaired  19  January  2023)  and  an  acute  on  chronic 
subdural  haemorrhage  and  subarachnoid  haemorrhage.  Raymond  was  admitted  to  hospital  the 
day  before  with  a  history  of recent  falls  attributable  to  orthostatic  hypotension  and  was  frail  by 
virtue of his  age. The falls  risk  assessment, prior to  the fall  on  the ward,  did  not accurately take 
into  account  this  history  and  as  a  consequence  there  was  no  assessment  in  respect  of  his 
additional  care  needs  which  more  likely  than  not  should  have  resulted  in  1:1  care  which 

Wiltshire & Swindon Coroner's Office, 26 Endless Street, Salisbury, Wiltshire, SPI  IDP 

 
 
 
 
 probably would  have avoided  the  severity of the  injury by  managing the  fall  when  he  needed to 
urinate or avoided  him  having to get out of bed  in  the first place. 

4 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 
Having  considered  the  evidence,  I found  the  following  facts  in  relation  to  the  circumstances  of 
Ray's death. 

Ray  arrived  late  evening  on  the  16th  January  2023  at  the  Emergency  Department  of the  Great 
Western  Hospital  in  Swindon.  He  had  a  history  of  3  falls  in  the  previous  few  days  which 
following  an  examination  was  considered  to  be  attributable  to  a  condition  called  postural 
hypotension.  This  condition  results  in  a sudden drop of blood  pressure when somebody stands 
up  and  can  cause  dizziness  even  temporary  unconsciousness.  The  treating  clinicians  view,  in 
respect  of which  I  agreed,  was  that  the  postural  hypotension  and  general  frailty  likely  caused 
Ray's falls  noted over the previous few days. 

Ray was  admitted  the  following  day onto  the  Linnett Acute  Medical  Unit (LAMU)  and  a CT scan 
undertaken  revealed  evidence  of  chronic  subdural  haematomas,  indicative  of  previous  head 
trauma  more  likely than  not attributable to  earlier falls,  not  necessarily those falls  in  the  last few 
In  keeping  with  the  hospital's  falls  policy,  following  his  arrival  on  LAMU,  Charge  Nurse 
days. 
,  who  was  starting  the  night  shift,  carried  out  a falls  risk  assessment  amongst  other 
assessments .  Relying  on  information  that  was  passed  to  him  verbally  at  the  shift  handover 
before  8  o'clock  that  evening,  he  was  however  only  told  and  therefore  recorded  as  part  of that 
falls risk assessment that Ray had had  1 fall  in  the last 12 months.  Whilst recognising that there 
was  a risk of a fall  the assessment did  not trigger any of the higher levels of monitoring over and 
above  1  hourly  care  rounding  such  as  ensuring  that  Ray  was  within  line  of  sight  or  more 
importantly was within arm's reach of a care worker. 

Whilst the plan was for hourly care rounding I noted  that no such checks were made on  Ray from 
20:50  on  17th  January  2023  until  just  after  midnight  on  18th  January  2023,  although  it  was  not 
material  in  my  view  to  the  events  that  followed  but  was  indicative  as  regards  the  working 
pressures faced  by nursing staff on  that shift. 

At  00:45  on  18th  January  2023, Nurse 
  was  called  by  another  patient in  the  same 
bay as  Ray  and  saw him  stood  next to  his  bed  passing  urine  into a bottle.  She  recalls  the  night 
light was  on  and  she  could  see  him  clearly.  She  observed  him  suddenly falling  to  the  right  not 
putting  his  hands out to  break his fall  and  he fell  hitting  his  head  on  the chair leg as  he collapsed 
to  the  floor.  Due  to the  postural  hypotension  Ray was  being  given  IV fluids  and  this  equipment 
was  connected  to  his  arm. 
I was  not of the  view that  the  equipment contributed  to  the fall  and 
found  as  a fact that the fall  more likely than not was  attributable to Ray's postural  hypotension . 

As  a consequence  of the  fall,  Ray  was  found  to  have  suffered  head  trauma  and  in  addition  had 
fractured  his  right  neck of femur  in  respect  of which  it was  noted  more  likely than  not  it was  an 
osteoporotic  fracture.  The  fracture  was  repaired  the  following  day  on  the  19th  January  2023, 
however,  Ray  as  a  result  of  immobility  and  trauma  sustained  deteriorated  and  he  began  to 
develop  swallowing  issues.  He  also  became  generally  more  confused  and  ultimately,  he 
developed  an  aspiration  pneumonia from  which  sadly  he  died  in  The  Great Western  Hospital  on 
the 25th  January 2023. 

During  the  Inquest  hearing  I  heard  live  evidence  from  Charge  Nurse 
  who  came 
across  as  a conscientious  and  caring  Nurse.  That  having  been  said  I did  ask  probing  questions 
  as  regards  the  discrepancy  between  Ray's  pre-admission  history  and 
of  Charge  Nurse 
what  was  actually  recorded  as  part  of the  falls  risk  assessment.  By  way  of  background,  I was 
told  that  LAMU  consisted  of  a  ward  with  36  beds.  Back  in  January  2023  those  beds  were 
occupied  by elderly patients.  I was told following the arrival of a new Chief Nurse there had  been 
improvements  in  relation  to  staffing  levels and  at the  time  of Ray's  fall  Charge  Nurse 
  told 
me that there was  1 Senior Nursing  Sister in  charge,  5 Registered  Nurses  of which  he was one, 
4  Health  Care Assistants  and  2 enhanced  Care Workers.  There were  no  shortages  in  terms  of 
their allotted  numbers.  Charge  Nurse 
  was  assigned  8  patients  of which  Ray  was  one  of 
those  patients and they were split between 2 bays on the ward .  As  previously stated,  Ray's  bed 
was  not in  direct eyesight of the  nursing  station .  When  asked  why  Charge  Nurse 
 did not 
check the  medical  records  where  there  were  at  least 4 entries  referrinq  to  a  number of previous 

Wiltshire &  Swindon Coroner's Office, 26 Endless Street, Salisbury, Wiltshire, SPI  IDP 

 
   indicated  that  he  relied  on  the  verbal 
falls  and  postural  hypotension,  Charge  Nurse 
handover  and  that  due  to  the  volume  of  work  he  did  not  check  either  the  electronic  or  paper 
Initially  when  I challenged  Charge  Nurse 
records  when  completing  the  falls  risk  assessment. 
  as  to  whether  or  not  Ray  would  have  been  a  candidate  for  1:1  supervision/arm's  length 
supervision  the  response  was  that  Ray  would  have  had  to  have  had  a fall  on  ward  before  that 
I rejected  that  argument as  of course  in  this  particular instance it 
would  have  been  considered. 
would  have  made  no  difference  here  and  sometimes  it only takes  a single fall  to  be  causative in 
relation  to  an  individual's death.  My view and  my finding  was  that the  previous  falls  history  and 
the  presence  of postural  hypotension  made  Ray  a  prime  candidate  for arm's  length  supervision 
and  had that been in  place then  more likely than  not his injuries as a result of the fall would  have 
been  avoided  and  given  that  his  intention  at  the  time  was  to  pass  urine,  the  need for  him  to get 
out of bed  at all  more likely than  not could  have been avoided. 

I asked  all  the  witnesses  who  gave live evidence  in  relation  to  the  challenges  as  regards  getting 
1:1  supervision and  I noted  in  particular that the answers were consistent that it was very difficult 
to  secure  1:1  supervision  during  a  night  shift.  There  was  no  pool  of people  available. 
I  also 
noted  the  comments  from 
  a  senior  member  of  the  nursing  team,  as  regards  the 
dynamic changes  that can  affect  LAMU  over a very  short period  of time  in  terms  of the  acuity of 
patients  on  the  ward .  LAMU  is  an  assessment  ward  and  therefore  its  patients  are  ultimately 
either  transferred  to  another ward  or  other  hospital  or discharged  into  the  community  such  that 
the  patient  constitution  on  the  ward  can  change  quite  dramatically  during  a  shift.  From  being 
Senior  Coroner  for  a  number  of  years  now  I  am  acutely  aware  that  in  dealing  with  elderly 
patients  it  not  only  presents  challenges  in  relation  to  addressing  physical  needs  but  often  the 
elderly have additional  mental  health  issues that only add  to  the  level  of the challenge to  care for 
them.  By  that  I  mean  conditions  such  as  dementia,  depression  and  Alzheimer's  and  as  a 
consequence  I  was  told  whilst  on  paper  the  ward  may  appear  to  be  adequately  staffed,  the 
reality  is  that  does  not  necessarily translate,  as  I was  of the  view  here,  as  was  the  case  on the 
evening of the  17th  and  the  morning of the  18th  of January 2023,  that there were  not enough  staff 
to  meet  the  needs  of  the  patients  all  of  whom  were  vulnerable  and  to  ensure  that  they  were 
appropriately  safeguarded .  The  inability  to  carry  out  hourly  intentional  rounding  in  relation  to 
  was  clear  evidence  to  me  of the 
Ray  combined  with  the  evidence  from  Charge  Nurse 
extreme pressure that the nursing team  faced  in  managing the needs of 36  patients on that shift. 

5 

CORONER'S CONCERNS 

Falls  in  the  hospital  environment do  happen  and  I am  not  saying  that  all  can  be  avoided.  That 
having  been  said  what  I have  noted  of late when  dealing with  these  cases  is  an  increase  in  the 
instances  where  as  a  result  of  my  investigation,  in  relation  to  cases  that  I  have  been  directly 
involved  in,  that  I  am  making  findings  that  more  likely  than  not  the  falls  could  have  been 
prevented and the injuries that were causative  in  relation to that individuals death,  avoided. 

Ray was a 96 year old  gentleman who would  have died had  it not been for the fall at some point 
in  the  future . That may have  been  in  a matter of weeks,  months  or even  a few years  but  had  it 
not been for the fall  on  the  night of the 17118th  January 2023  he would  not have died  as  he  did,  in 
the circumstances that he did,  on the 25th  January 2023. 

During the  course of the  Inquest,  I also  heard  evidence from  Sister Jones  and  in  addition  to the 
challenge  of getting  the  staffing  levels  commensurate  to  the  patients  needs  and  safeguarding 
patients  there  does  appear  to  be  an  issue  that  causes  me  a  concern  as  regards  the  ability  to 
dynamically  respond  to  a  need  for  enhanced  supervision  especially  entering  into  night  shifts . 
Sister Jones when questioned was  open and  extremely candid  in  her answer that at those times 
nursing  staff could  not  always  support  those  additional  needs  in  the  short  term  because  of the 
challenge  to  get  additional  personnel  at  short  notice  in  circumstances  where  the  nursing  team 
were  under pressure  due  to  the  complexities  and  demands  of patient's  needs.  There  is  in  my 
view no flexibility and  resilience within  the system to dynamically adapt and  respond  to  changing 
patients enhanced  needs exacerbated  by the fact that especially during the winter months  these 
It  is  easier  during  day  shifts  to  respond  but  there 
beds  are  mainly  occupied  by  the  elderly. 
clearly appears to  be  an  issue especially going into night shifts. 

There  were  2  issues  here,  firstly  the  initial  falls  risk  assessment  on  LAMU  which  was  not 
undertaken  taking  advantage  of  all  available  information  which  in  my  view  led  to  an  incorrect 
assessment  of  Ray's  supervision  needs .  His  fall  was  observed  by  another  member  of  the 

Wiltshire & Swindon Coroner's Office, 26 Endless Street, Salisbury, Wiltshire, SPl  l DP 

 
 nursing  staff and  therefore  my  view was that  only  arm's length  supervision  would  have  avoided 
the  fall  and  that there  were  sufficient  indicators to  warrant this  prior to  the  event occurring.  The 
failure  here  in  relation  to  the  initial  assessment was  down  to  the  volume  of work  and  not  in  my 
view laziness or anything of that nature on  the part of nursing staff. 

Flowing  from  the  first  issue  a  further  issue  relates  to  the  resilience  and  the  ability  to  respond 
dynamically  with  changing  patients  on  the  ward  so  as  to  ensure  that  vulnerable  patients  with a 
high degree of risk of falling,  like  Ray,  are properly safeguarded. 

  in  her  evidence  talked  about  an  ongoing  programme,  the  Enhanced  Care  Toolkit 
Framework,  which  I acknowledge is  work in  progress,  in  respect of which  not only the family  but 
also  I am  interested  in  hearing what steps  the  Trust  intends  to  take  to  mitigate  against a  risk of 
further incidents occurring such  as the fall that Ray had  on  the night of 17th/18th  of January. 

This  report  is  also  being  sent to  The  Secretary of State for the  Department of Health  and  Social 
Care  and  the  reason  I have  sent this  to  The  Secretary  of State  is  to  highlight the  issue  and  my 
concerns.  Often  when  Regulation  28  Reports  are  submitted  responses  often  come  back  from 
Government Departments as  regards the  increase in  the amount of money that they are injecting 
into  that  particular  public service.  Coroners  cannot  make  recommendations  but  as  we  advance 
in  time  into  yet  another  winter  period,  which  will  undoubtedly  be  challenging  for  frontline  NHS 
personnel,  combined  with  an  ever-increasing elderly population whose care needs both  physical 
and  mental  are  more  complicated  and  demanding,  it  is  essential  that  when  these  vulnerable 
I cannot  see  this 
people  come  into  the  care  of the  state,  that they  are  effectively  safeguarded. 
winter being  much different from  last winter and  at the moment and  my concern  is that potentially 
it could  be worse.  Whilst the focus of this report relates to  a hospital environment,  the challenges 
created  by  an  increasing  elderly  population  in  terms  of NHS  and  social  care  response  affects 
those  in  the  community  as  well. 
I do  not  believe that there  is  an  easy fix for these  issues  when 
resources  and  budgets  are  stretched.  The  problem  here  undoubtedly  is  multi  factorial  but  any 
solution  here  is  one  in  respect  of which the  Government undoubtedly  has  a crucial  role  to  play, 
and  I  hope  The  Secretary  of  State  understands  why  she  is  a  recipient  to  this  Regulation  28 
Report. 

6 

ACTION  SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In  my opinion  action  should  be  taken  to  prevent future  deaths and  I believe you  have the  power 
to take such action. 

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You  are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report,  namely by 
12th  January 2024.  I, the coroner,  may extend the period. 

Your  response  must  contain  details  of action  taken  or  proposed  to  be  taken,  setting  out  the 
timetable for action.  Otherwise,  you  must explain why no action  is  proposed . 

8 . 

COPIES and  PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the  Chief Coroner and to the following  Interested Person, 

Family of Mr Eggleton,  Chief Executive at Salisbury District Hospital, Care Quality Commission 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response . 

The  Chief Coroner  may  publish  either  or  both  in  a  complete  or  redacted  or  summary form.  He 
may  send  a  copy  of this  report  to  any  person  who  he  believes  may find  it  useful  or of interest. 
You  may  make  representations  to  me,  the  coroner,  at  the  time  of  your  response,  about  the 
release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9 . 

Dated  17th  November 2023 

Wiltshire & Swindon Coroner's Office, 26 Endless Street, Salisbury, Wiltshire, SPl  lDP

Responses

2 responses published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Department of Health and Social Care (PDF)
From the Rt Hon Andrew Stephenson CBE MP 
Minister of State for Health and Secondary Care 

39 Victoria Street 
London 
SW1H 0EU 

HM Coroner David Ridley   
Wiltshire and Swindon Coroner’s Office  
26 Endless Street 
Salisbury 
Wiltshire 
SP1 1DP 

9 May 2024 

Dear Mr Ridley, 

Thank you for the Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths of 17 November 2023 about 
the death of Raymond Eggleton. I am replying as Minister with responsibility for health and 
secondary care, and the NHS workforce.        

Firstly, I would like to say how saddened I was to read of the circumstances of  Raymond 
Eggleton’s death, and I offer my sincere condolences to  their family and loved ones. The 
circumstances  your  report  describes  are  very  concerning  and  I  am  grateful  to  you  for 
bringing these matters to my attention. Please accept my sincere apologies for the delay in 
responding to this matter.   

The report raises concerns over the lack of resilience in the system to adapt dynamically to 
changing  patient  needs  due  to  the  challenges  in  getting  commensurate  staffing  levels  to 
safeguard  patients,  particularly  where  there  are  short  notice  changes  in  patient 
circumstances. It also raises concerns about the initial falls risk assessments which did not 
take advantage of all the available information which led to an incorrect assessment of Mr 
Eggleton’s supervision needs.  

Safe staffing 
Responsibility  for  staffing  levels  remains  with  clinical  and  other  leaders  at  a  local  level, 
responding  to  local  needs,  supported  by  evidence-based  guidelines  by  national  and 
professional bodies and overseen and regulated in England by the CQC. Reaching the right 
staff numbers and mix should depend on an evidence-based approach and the exercise of 
real-time,  risk-assessed,  professional  judgements  by  day-to-day  leadership  and  a  multi-
professional approach.  

The CQC checks for compliance with regulations1 that require regulated providers to ensure 
there  are  enough  suitably  qualified,  competent,  skilled  and  experienced  people,  who  are 
supported, to provide safe care and treatment to patients. Where staffing is having an impact 

1 Health and Social Care Act 2008 (Regulated Activities) Regulations 2014 – Regulation 18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 on patient outcomes, whether due to a lack of staff or an incorrect mix, the CQC can take 
enforcement action. It means that regulated providers should have a systematic approach 
to determine the number of staff and range of skills required in order to meet the needs of 
people using the service and keep them safe at all times, in accordance with the legislation 
and reflecting guidance where it is available.  

NHS Workforce  
The NHS Long Term Workforce Plan (LTWP), published by NHS England in June 2023 sets 
out the steps the NHS and its partners need to take to deliver an NHS workforce that meets 
the changing needs of the population over the next 15 years. The plan outlines the action 
needed to ensure we train and retain more staff, and reform medical education and training 
to put the NHS workforce on a sustainable footing for the future. By significantly expanding 
domestic education, training and recruitment, we will have more healthcare professionals 
working in the NHS. This will include more nurses and doctors alongside an expansion in a 
range of other professions, including more staff working in new roles.  

The  LTWP  sets  out  the  aim  to  increase  adult  nursing  training  places  by  92%,  taking  the 
number of  total places  up  to nearly  38,000 by  2031/32.  To  support  this  ambition,  we  will 
increase  training  places  to  nearly  28,000  in  2028/29.  This  forms  part  of  our  ambition  to 
increase the number of nursing and midwifery training places to around 58,000 by 2031/32. 
We will work towards achieving this by increasing places to over 44,000 by 2028/29, with 
20% of registered nurses qualifying through apprenticeship routes compared to just 9% now.  

Managing the risk of falls in hospitals 
You  have  raised  concerns  about  managing  the  risk  of  falls  and  sustaining  injuries  in 
hospitals. Falls are common and occur in 30% of adults aged over 65 years annually. The 
ageing of the population has meant that the incidence of traumatic injury in older people is 
rising  in  both  absolute  numbers  and  as  a  percentage  of  national  trauma  admissions 
annually. Trauma services for older people, and especially older people living with frailty, 
are organised depending on the structure of local services. There are 22 Adult Major Trauma 
Centres  in  England predominantly  in  Teaching  Hospitals.  District General  Hospitals have 
Trauma Units most commonly in a surgical ward of the hospital. Care for each patient should 
be bespoke, dependent on nature and severity of injury and co-morbidities including frailty. 

NHS England advise that the risk of falls is an ongoing priority for providers and continues 
to be an active area of developing research and evidence. The current NICE guidelines Falls 
in  older  people:  assessing  risk  and  prevention.  Clinical  guideline  [CG161]  describes 
evidenced based practice. This guideline is currently being updated and due to be published 
in March 2025. The Royal College of Physicians also provides evidenced based guidance 
on  preventing  falls  and  serious  injury  in  Falls  in  hospital.  Further,  the  British  Geriatrics 
Society was included in the international membership that has developed guidelines on falls 
prevention  and  management:  World  guidelines  for  falls  prevention  and  management  for 
older adults: a global initiative. The report contains a section specifically on falls in hospital.  

I know that Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust have already responded to your 
report setting out what they are doing to improve recruitment and retention of nursing staff, 
a  review  of  enhanced  supervision  procedures,  falls  improvement  work  and  additional 
training on the falls risk assessment.  

I hope this response is helpful. Thank you for bringing these concerns to my attention.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Yours sincerely,  

THE RT HON ANDREW STEPHENSON CBE MP   
MINISTER OF STATE FOR HEALTH AND SECONDARY CARE
Response from Great Western Hospitals (PDF)
Private and confidential 

David Ridley, Esq 
His Majesty’s Area Coroner for Wiltshire 

Marlborough Road 
Swindon 
SN3 6BB 

10 January 2024 

Dear Mr Ridley 

Re:  Coroner’s Regulation 28 Report 

Thank you for your letter dated 17th November 2023 in regard to the Regulation 28 Prevention of 
Future Death Report, raising concerns about the circumstances which led to the death of the late Mr 
Ray Eggleton.      

I was very sorry that the fall Mr Eggleton suffered in hospital contributed to his death and would like 
to again pass on our sincere condolences to his family and reassure you that we have taken the 
learning from this incident very seriously.  

This  letter  is to respond  to  the  concerns  raised  in  the  Regulation 28  and  the  actions  the  Trust  is 
undertaking to address them in regard to safe staffing and enhanced care/ supervision.  

Safe Staffing for Nursing Staff 

The Trust has significantly invested in safe staffing levels over the last 2 years, this has ensured that 
all acute ward areas are now working to a 1:8 nurse to patient ratio for health care support workers 
and  registered  nursing  staff.  This  is  in  line  with  national  guidance.  Year  1  (2021/2)  there  was 
investment in health care support workers and Year 2 (2022/3) there has been investment in the 
registered nurse staffing. This investment has come to a total of £7.1 million.  

Alongside this there has been robust work on recruitment and retention, the Trust has moved from 
over 70wte Health Care Support Worker vacancies in January 2022 to zero vacancies in December 
2023. There will continue to be fluctuation and change in specific areas and so continues to remain 
an area of focus and attention.    

The Trust has robust safe staffing processes which are in line with national guidance and evidence 
based. This includes a 6 monthly safe staffing report to Trust Board which includes details of the 
Chief  Nurses  yearly  establishment  reviews  with  the  ward  managers.  Nurse  to  patient  ratios, 
benchmarking data, patient acuity, quality metrics and enhanced care data are reviewed as part of 
the Chief Nurse yearly establishment reviews.   

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 The Trust’s daily safe staffing process includes a three times a day safe staffing meeting, chaired by 
a  divisional  director  of  nursing,  where  any  staffing  concerns  are  highlighted  and  staff  moved 
accordingly to support patient care.  

There is also improved senior nurse support out of hours, with a duty Matron working till 20:00 pm 
and at weekends from 08:00 – 16:00 pm. This role supports the dynamic response required to adjust 
staffing levels or redeploy staff to accommodate the needs of patients that are at risk of falling or 
requiring enhanced supervision. Overnight there is a senior nurse ‘site manager’ who will support 
staffing and patient safety.  

The Trust uses the national Safe Care Acuity and Dependency Tool in the three times a day safer 
staffing meetings. This is a tool that measures the acuity and dependency of patients on a ward and 
then applies a multiplier to calculate how many staff are required to care for that patient care mix. 
This, along with professional judgement, can help inform decisions on the best deployment of nursing 
staff across the Trust.  

If wards identify patient with additional needs, the patients are assessed using the enhanced care 
assessment  and  then  staff  are  either  moved  from  another  area  based  on  the  Safe  Care  Acuity  / 
dependency data or by requesting through the nurse bank or agency.    

There will be a further review of the Acute Medical Assessment Unit staffing using the national Safer 
Nursing Care Tool and the results will be used to inform future staffing models.    

I hope this reassures you that the actions the Trust is taking in regard to safer staffing and how areas 
are supported to respond to differing patient needs.  

Enhanced supervision  

Enhanced care or enhanced supervision is when a patient has additional care needs that require 
support  to  keep  them  safe.  Patients  requiring  enhanced  care  will  often  have  some  degree  of 
cognitive impairment such as dementia or delirium or are at high risk of falls.  

The  Trust  has  had  an  enhanced  care  policy  in  place  for  several  years.  The  Deputy  Divisional 
Directors of Nursing are working with the Falls Team and undertaking a review of the current policy, 
paperwork and teaching. This work has an emphasis on the correct assessment and clear definitions 
of levels of supervision e.g. line of sight and within arm’s reach. This is supported by a ‘Stay in the 
bay’ approach when health care support workers are providing enhanced care. This mandates that 
before the designated staff leaves, this duty has to be handed over to another member of staff. 

This new approach is currently being trialled on 3 wards that frequently care for higher-than-average 
numbers  of  patients  requiring  enhanced  care.  During  the  enhanced  care  trial,  the  Falls  Lead  is 
reviewing  daily  to  ensure  that  the  enhanced  care  assessments  reflect  the  patient  care  needs 
appropriately and then address any gaps in care and education. Once this trial has been completed 
a plan for roll out and engagement with all wards will be implemented and informed by the learning 
outputs from the trial.  

The  Trust  is  also  updating  the  ‘care  rounding’  document  and  process  and  aiming  to  roll  out  the 
improvements once the trial is completed successfully. Care rounding is the proactive approach to 
meeting care needs such as toileting and prompting over hydration particularly in those patients who 
have a degree of cognitive impairment whose awareness of their own needs might be impaired.  

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Falls improvement work 

The  falls  team  review  all  inpatient  falls  to  identify  areas  for  learning  and  improvement  as  well  as 
delivering an ongoing education programme.   

Some of this learning has identified that the point of transfer from one clinical area to another is a 
time of increased risk of falling. To address this the Trust is working hard to reduce the number of 
patients that move out of hours as well as highlighting this risk to increase staffs’ awareness and 
ensure that falls prevention strategies are put in place immediately on transfer.   

The other area of focus is to improve the handover process on the patient’s risk of falling and a new 
handover tool is being developed which will highlight the falls risk in more detail.  

There is also Trust wide improvement work on identifying and managing postural hypotension as a 
significant  contributor  to  falls  risk.  A  Clinical  Fellow  (non-  trainee  doctor  with  a  proportion  of 
employment set aside for research/Quality Improvement) will be working alongside the Falls Team 
to develop strategies to improve identification and response to this promoter of falls.  
This has also been shared in a safety brief that was shared Trust wide for learning.  

Falls Risk assessment 

The Falls team will be providing additional training in the Acute Medical Unit on Multifactorial falls 
assessment, this training will include the essential components and sources of information required 
to support a personalised assessment, identifying key risks and level of supervision. 

To  support  this  work  the  Trust  has  recently  recruited  a  number  of  Clinical  Practice  Educators  to 
support the wards and assessment units, part of their remit is to support training around enhanced 
care supported by the Falls team. The first round of training is planned for March 2024. 

Falls investigation 

The  circumstances  of  Mr  Eggleton’s  fall  was  investigated  immediately  at  the  time  and  a  72-hour 
investigation report was completed on the 27 January 2023.  

The falls report was reviewed at the Divisional Falls round table as an MDT approach on the 01/03/23 
led  by  the  Deputy  Medical  Director  to  ensure  a  robust  investigation  and  identify  any  learning 
outcomes.  Other  contributors  were  the  Ward  Manager  and  Matron  for  the  area,  the  Falls  team, 
Radiology and the Governance team. 

The report was signed off by the Division on 20 March 2023 and presented at the Trust’s Incident 
Review meeting (IRM) on 27 March 2023. There was a delay reporting this as a Serious Incident 
and it was uploaded on STEIS (Strategic Executive Information System). The investigation outcome 
was presented to Serious Incident review meeting on 12 December 2023. The Trust is reviewing 
how falls with harm are investigated and reported to ensure there is no delays going forward.  

Falling  and  the  harm  from  falling  is  one  of  the  quality  indictors  the  Trust  monitors  closely  and  is 
reported through the Integrated Performance Report to Trust Board. Falls and the falls prevention 
actions are part of the regular nursing audit programme and this helps ensure the effectiveness of 
actions are monitored.  

The overall trend of falls is reducing however there has been a theme of falls with harm or patients 
having multiple falls. Therefore it has been agreed that falls is one of the top 5 quality improvement 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 priorities under the Patient Safety Incident Response Framework and will therefore continue to have 
focus and support for improvement.  

Conclusion 

I hope this letter reassures you that we are taking the learning from this sad case very seriously and 
will  ensure  that  we  continue  to  develop  our  approach  to  enhanced  care  to  support  patients  that 
require additional support.  

Finally, I would like to reiterate my sincerest condolences to Mr Eggleton’s family and apologise for 
the distress this process may have caused. 

Yours sincerely 

Acting Chief Executive 

CC: CQC 

4

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