Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2024

Roberto Bottello

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2024-0087, written 16 Feb 2024. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report16 Feb 2024
Reference2024-0087
DeceasedRoberto Bottello
CoronerFiona Wilcox
Coroner areaLondon Inner (West)
CategoryMental Health related deaths
Organisation namedCentral and North West London NHS Foundation Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published3

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28:  REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS  

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

Chief Executive, 
Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust. 

Commissioner of the Police of the Metropolis 

Chief Executive, 
NHS England 

1 

CORONER 

I am Professor Fiona J Wilcox, HM Senior Coroner, for the Coroner Area of Inner West 
London 

2 

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners’ (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

From the 22nd January  until 1st  February 2024, evidence was heard before a jury 
touching the death of Mr Roberto Bottello. He had died on the 16th September 2020, 
aged 44 years. 

Medical Cause of Death 

1 a. Multiple Injuries 

How, when, where and in what circumstances the deceased came by his death: 

Roberto Bottello had been suffering problems with depression, anxiety and panic attacks 
in the months leading up to his death. 
On the 25th August 2020 he attended the urgent care centre at Hillingdon Hospital 
presenting with sleeplessness and visual hallucinations. He was referred to the 
psychiatric liaison nurse and discharged to be followed up by Addiction Recovery 
Community Hillingdon (ARCH). This referral was followed by 2 GP referrals and a self 
referral, He was not seen or assessed by ARCH prior to his death. 

Over the 13th and 14th  of  September 2020, Roberto presented to police officers on 4 
occasions, presenting with paranoia. These presentations resulted in 3 Merlin reports of 
Adult Come to Notice made by police, which were on Roberto’s psychiatric record by 
15th September 2020. Roberto’s last contact with his family was a telephone call on 14th 
September 2020. At around 21:00 on 14th September Roberto’s mother called the Single 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 Point of Access (SPA) and was advised to report him missing. His parents reported 
Roberto missing to police at around 10:00 on 15th September 2020, and a missing 
person report was made. 

Roberto came to the attention of police when he was in Berkely Square, London at 
around 00:10 on 16th September 2020. He was acting in an acutely disturbed manner. 
Hs body was tense, he was grinding his teeth and largely unresponsive. He had no shirt 
or shoes on. He began screaming at the sky. The police officers suspected ABD/ excited 
delirium. Roberto charged at the police officers. One officer pushed him back with an 
open hand and both officers challenged him with their taser red dot. He then became 
calm again. Further police officers and an ambulance attended Roberto. 

After further agitation, Roberto was placed in handcuffs, place in an ambulance, 
and then his legs were placed in restraints.  He was detained under section 136 of 
the Mental Health Act (MHA) and was transported to St Mary’s Hospital by 
ambulance.   

At hospital, Roberto remained under guard by 2 police officers.  The police liaise 
with the SPA to try to find a s.136 suite for Roberto.  Roberto was medically 
cleared by 03.20 by the Accident and Emergency (A&E) doctors and he was 
referred to psychiatric liaison at 03.26.  The differential diagnosis at the time of 
referral to psychiatric liaison was that Roberto was not intoxicated and was 
experiencing an acute psychotic episode.  Roberto was seen by psychiatric 
liaison at 03.55 and referred to the psychiatrist for a MHA assessment at 04.34.  
A place was made to defer the MHA assessment until after 09.00.  The deferral 
of the assessment was reasonable based on his presentation and past history as 
known to the psychiatric team at the time.  

Roberto’s identification was unclear to the police in the hospital, the SPA agents 
and hospital staff.  Inadequate steps were taken to identify Roberto until his 
identity was established by the psychiatric liaison nurse prior to 04.34.  
Identification details were passed to police at the hospital but there were missed 
opportunities to clarify his identity, especially in the final call between police and 
the SPA.  The SPA and Hillingdon bed manager made assumptions about his 
identity. 

If a s.136 suite had been made available to Roberto he would have been 
transferred but there is uncertainty about whether he would have been transferred 
before the time at which he fell from the window.  

The SPA asked police officers to contact bed managers in an attempt to secure a 
s.136 suite for Roberto, against the policy at the time that the SPA find the suite.  

At the time of the incident that led to his death, Roberto was in cubicle 5 in St 
Mary’s Hospital.  2 police officers and one emergency departmental lead 
registrar were with him. 

At around 06.00 Roberto began to show agitation again.  An A&E nurse was 
dismissive about his behaviour.  At around 06.20 he took his remaining clothes 
off and also took his medical stickers off.  He was spoken to by the police 
officers who asked him if he wanted to go to the toilet.  An officer called a doctor 
to help who entered cubicle 5 with the officer.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 They tried to calm Roberto and talk to him.  He became more agitated.  A police 
officer asked him to move back on the bed.  

Roberto started rocking on the bed, which was level with the windowsill.  He put 
his foot on the sink and rolled himself backwards and moved himself onto the 
sill.   He kicked the window and broke the glass.  He moved himself backwards 
through the window.  He was cut by broken glass as he exited the window.  He 
fell 25 feet to the canal path below.   

Roberto’s state of mind at the time, insofar as it may be determined, was that he 
was psychotic and in a state of agitation.  He would not have acted as he did if he 
had not been psychotic. 

After Roberto exited the window, there was a short delay before medical staff 
reached him because a gate was locked.  He was attended by medical staff and 
the two police officers on the canal path.  

As a result of the incident, Roberto suffered injuries:  

cuts, bruises and grazes; 
injuries to his limbs; 

- 
- 
-  his lift upper limb suffered a large cut and his axillary vein and artery 

were divided; 

-  he lost a large amount of blood; and 
-  both of his lungs collapsed 

Roberto was given CPR.  He was administered adrenalin and regained a pulse.  
He was given a bilateral theracostomy.  The trauma surgeon was alerted at 06.31.  
Roberto was transferred from the canal path to the emergency department.  He 
proceeded directly to the surgical department.  His blood vessels were clamped.  
He was given a blood transfusion.  He lost circulatory output.  He was given 
further CPR and shocked twice.  He had minimal heart function and suffered 
cardiac arrest.  His heart rhythm had become incompatible with life.    

Roberto Bottello’s death was announced at 07.27 on 16th September 2020.   

Matters which may have possibly caused or contributed to Roberto Bottello’s 
death:  

The following matters may have possibly caused or contributed to Roberto’s 
death: 

Cubicle 5 in which Roberto was placed in hospital was inadequate and unsuitable 
because it was a rm with windows rather than a designated mental health cubicle, 
and the bed was next to the windowsill and at the same or similar level.  There 
were no effective measures in place to prevent patients breaking or exiting 
through the windows, notwithstanding that the windows were compliant with the 
legal requirements at the time.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 There was insufficient communication between various parties involved, 
including:  

-  The SPA and police; 
-  A&E and the psychiatric liaison team; 
-  Psychiatric liaison team and police; 
-  Within the psychiatric liaison team; 
-  The Hillingdon bed manager and the SPA and Central Flow Hub; and  
-  The Hillingdon bed manager and the police. 

The information management systems involved were inefficient and inadequate.  

Roberto was not cared for by a Registered Mental Health Nurse (RMN) but was 
cared for by police officers, who are not mental health specialists.   There was 
insufficient RMN provision at the time.  An RMN would have been better placed 
than police officers to monitor Robert’s mental state, identify any issues such as 
increased agitation and developing risks.  

The confusion of Roberto’s identity with a patient who had just been discharged 
from Hillingdon and the section 136 suite being made unavailable to him.   

The apparent lack of available s.136 suites.  

Conclusion of the Jury as to the death: 

Roberto Bottello was experiencing an acute psychotic episode. He was detained under 
s.136 of the Mental Health Act. he broke the window of his hospital cubicle with his feet 
and exited the window falling to the canal path below. In doing so, he suffered multiple 
injuries including cuts from broken glass that divided his axillary vein and artery and led 
to his death. 

4 

Extensive evidence was taken during the inquest from multiple live witnesses, written 
statements, reports, body worn footage and recordings of telephone calls between the 
police and SPA. Please see the extensive findings made by the jury in this case as set 
out above. 

 Of relevance to this report: 

It was clear from the evidence that SPA were asking police officers to ring around 
various s. 136 suite providers to try and find a space for him, against policy at that time. 

That a suite was available in Hillingdon that had not been declared as vacant as it 
should have been against policy. 

That this space should have been made available to Roberto and it was not against 
policy. 

This meant that the Central Flow Hub advised the psychiatric liaison nurse that there 
were no spaces available in London and as such the psychiatric liaison nurse drew up 
management plans that centred on getting Roberto’s required Mental Health Act 
assessment undertaken by the psychiatric liaison team, which is often slow and difficult 
to arrange, rather than having the option to consider transferring him more promptly to a 
section 136 suite. 

That identification assumptions were made  by the Hillingdon Bed manager and SPA 
based solely upon his sex and a similar first name to a person who had been discharged 
earlier in the day by Hillingdon that the person discharged  was Roberto. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 This identification assumption could have been easily put aside even with the minimal 
identification evidence being sought, but staff at Hillingdon, and SPA did not do this. 
On this basis Roberto was refused a space in Hillingdon against policy, which he should 
have been allowed access to, even if had been the person with whom he had been 
confused who had just been discharged. 

SPA staff colluded with the actions of the bed manager even though they knew it was 
against policy. 

Simple identification checks that could have been made were not. 
For example using the international phonetic alphabet in relation to Roberto’s surname 
in communication between police and SPA staff, and relying on  numeric date of birth 
rather than using the name of the month. Both police and SPA staff did this which 
caused delay in identification. 

The manager of SPA and Central Flow Hub at the time stated that she was completely 
unaware that staff were acting against training and policy. 

The court had experienced immense difficulty in getting evidence from CNWL in relation 
to the Hillingdon issues despite repeated requests, such that the evidence was not 
clarified until the last day of evidence and after further directions had been give live in 
court. This was in my view a failure of the duty of candour by CNWL.  

The court was grateful to the current senior manager from CNWL who worked over the 
weekend to secure the evidence that the court had been requesting for years. 

It was also clear to the court and jury that the evidence of SPA witnesses was at times 
not credible despite recordings of the calls they made and transcripts of these calls 
being used as part of the evidence. 

There were clearly issues in relation to communications at all levels as set out by the 
jury. 

There were obvious errors made by SPA staff in relation to how they search their 
computer systems to identify individuals. 

Together these matters meant that a section 136 suite was not made available to 
Roberto that should have been and it was possible that this contributed to his death. 

The psychiatric liaison nurse did not share the assessment and differential diagnosis 
made by the A&E doctors with the psychiatric registrar. This was especially poignant in 
this case as it became clear that Roberto was not intoxicated at the time and was 
psychotic, rather than his symptoms being due to acute intoxication with drugs and/or 
alcohol as was assumed by the psychiatric liaison nurse and passed to the psychiatric 
registrar. The A&E doctor had diagnosed Roberto correctly some hours before his death 
and medically discharged Roberto. This was recognised by the psychiatric registrar, who 
is now a consultant, as a point of learning for her and psychiatric liaison. 

All witnesses confirmed that there are at times still shortages of section 136 suites and 
heavy demand from psychiatrically unwell people despite definite improvements in 
service. 

Further that most s136 incidents occur out of hours when there is less resource to 
manage them from psychiatric services. 

Evidence from the psychiatric doctor was that there are severe resource shortages in 
the area in which she now works with up to 50% of psychiatric nursing staff posts being 
vacant. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 There is now direct access by police on many occasions to section 136 suites within 
London, a practice that could be adopted nationally, with general improvement in service 
provision. 

Extensive evidence was taken in relation to the window through which Roberto had 
exited to his death. This window was consistent with building regulations but film has 
now been applied by Imperial to windows in situations where disturbed persons may be 
more at risk of smashing them to make these windows more difficult to smash and if 
they do, then be less likely to shatter and cause lacerations. 

5 

Matters of Concern 

1.  That CNWL failed in its duty of candour in relation to provision of evidence 

in this case. 

2.  That the evidence given by the SPA witnesses was at times not credible. 

3.  That SPA call handlers were not sufficiently trained in how to identify 
patients by using computer searches and by not seeking information 
appropriately for example by using the international phonetic alphabet and 
using the word for the month in a person’s date of birth. 

4.  That police officers may need reminding to use the phonetic alphabet and 

using the word for the month in a person’s date of birth. 

5.  That CNWL were and may still be unaware that CNWL staff operate outside 

policy. 

6.  That the psychiatric liaison nurses and psychiatric liaison doctors should 

have regard to and specifically consider diagnoses made by other doctors 
for example those who see such patients repeatedly in A&E as in this case. 

7.  That most section 136 usage is out of hours when there is less resource to 

respond from psychiatric services. 

8.  That other areas in England could learn from how section 136 suite access 

has been restructured in London. 

9.  That the use of film over glass in areas where patients are at increased risk 
of smashing windows should be more widespread in the NHSE estate. 

10.  That there are continued shortages in psychiatric care provision. 

6 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you 
[AND/OR your organisation] have the power to take such action. It is for each addressee 
to respond to matters relevant to them. 

7 

YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report. I, 
the coroner, may extend the period. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out 
the timetable for action. Otherwise, you must explain why no action is proposed. 

8 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested 
Persons: 

Father of Mr Bottello 

Chief Executive, 
Imperial Health Care Trust 

. 
IOPC 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.  

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary 
form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful 
or of interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your 
response, about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9 

16th February 2024 

Professor Fiona J Wilcox 

HM Senior Coroner Inner West London 

Westminster Coroner’s Court 
65, Horseferry Road 
London 
SW1P 2ED   

Inner West London Coroner’s Court, 
33, Tachbrook Street, 
London. 
SW1V 2JR 
Telephone:0207 641 8789.

Responses

3 responses published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Central and NW London NHS (PDF)
Executive Office 

2 April 2024 

Professor Fiona Wilcox 
HM Senior Coroner for Westminster 
The Coroner’s Court 
65 Horseferry Road 
London  
SW1P 2ED 

Dear Madam Coroner, 

Regulation 28 Report to prevent future deaths in relation to Roberto Bottello  

I am responding to the Regulation 28 Report issued on 16 February 2024 following 
the inquest into the death of Mr. Roberto Bottello commencing on 16 September 
2020. The inquest concluded on 1 February 2024.  

Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust (CNWL) deeply regrets the 
death of Mr. Bottello and the distress that this has caused his family.  

We accept the findings of the jury and have evaluated our response to the tragic 
death of Mr. Bottello in light of the findings.  

Following the death of Mr. Bottello, we made a number of changes to the provision of 
care and services across the Trust. We have considered the concerns raised by you 
and where possible we have grouped together details of assurance measures where 
these appear to deal with more than one area of concern. There are matters of 
practice and procedure identified where the need for improvement has been 
recognised. I will respond to the matters of concern, setting out what we have 
already done, what we are doing now, and what we intend to do in the future.    

Matters of Concern 

1. 

2. 

3. 

That CNWL failed in its duty of candour in relation to provision of evidence in 
this case. 

That the evidence given by the SPA witnesses was at times not credible. 

That SPA call handlers were not sufficiently trained in how to identify patients 
by using computer searches and by not seeking information appropriately for 
example by using the international phonetic alphabet and using the word for 
the month in a person’s date of birth. 

Trust Headquarters, 350 Euston Road, London NW1 3AX 
Telephone: 020 3214 5700   
www.cnwl.nhs.uk 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
 
 4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

That police officers may need reminding to use the phonetic alphabet and 
using the word for the month in a person’s date of birth. 

That CNWL were and may still be unaware that CNWL staff operate outside 
policy. 

That the psychiatric liaison nurses and psychiatric liaison doctors should have 
regard to and specifically consider diagnoses made by other doctors for 
example those who see such patients repeatedly in A&E as in this case. 

That most section 136 usage is out of hours when there is less resource to 
respond from psychiatric services. 

That other areas in England could learn from how section 136 suite access 
has been restructured in London. 

That the use of film over glass in areas where patients are at increased risk of 
smashing windows should be more widespread in the NHSE estate.  

10. 

That there are continued shortages in psychiatric care provision. 

I have addressed these concerns where they relate to CNWL below: 

Duty of Candour  

• 

• 

• 

• 

CNWL takes the concerns which you have raised very seriously. We have 
discussed the findings of the inquest and matters of concern identified by you 
during the course of the inquest hearing with our staff.  

CNWL is very sorry that the Learned Coroner considers that CNWL did not 
provide evidence in accordance with its duty of candour. The Trust has 
always taken its duty of candour very seriously.  

It is always our approach to work with coroners and their officers 
collaboratively and to respond to inquiries and directions in a candid and swift 
manner.  We provided evidence from our witnesses to the coronial 
investigation and cannot locate any requests from your office or from other 
Interested Persons or their legal representatives for clarification or further 
evidence, and having attended the pre-inquest hearings, we proceeded on the 
basis that no further evidence in relation to the issues was required.  

This was an unusual situation whereby whilst there was involvement with 
CNWL services the incident occurred whilst Mr Bottello was under the care 
and responsibility of St Mary’s Hospital. The Serious Incident Investigation 
was undertaken and directed by Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust. 
CNWL contributed to  and collaborated with the investigation as is usual in 
cases where a lead investigation organisation is assigned. The collaboration 
was primarily through engagement with the CNWL Psychiatric Team Leader 
at St Mary’s Hospital and with one of our Senior Nurses who participated in 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 the investigation throughout and was actively involved in collaborating with the 
investigating team and agreeing actions to be embedded in the subsequent 
report and action plan. CNWL did not undertake a separate full serious 
incident investigation into the circumstances of the incident and this was in 
accordance with the Serious Incident Framework as published by NHS 
England. The focus of the Serious Incident Investigation on this occasion was 
on the events which took place at St Mary’s Hospital. 

• 

As part of our learning from this incident we will remind our services that 
where another organisation is leading on a serious incident investigation, in 
addition to working collaboratively with that organisation, there should be 
ongoing and robust consideration of CNWL’s involvement with the patient 
even if certain events do not form part of the remit of the serious incident 
investigation. This will assist as to whether further internal investigation is 
required.  

Witness Credibility 

• 

• 

We have spoken to the witnesses about your concern and are confident that 
they understand the importance of being open and transparent when giving 
evidence. We will reinforce this message as part of the support provided to all 
witnesses who attend court to give evidence. 

From the feedback we have received from witnesses in this and other 
inquests, the response of the witness is often related to the situation in which 
they are being questioned rather than the subject matter of the questioning. It 
is a unique experience that typically arouses strong emotions. The ability of a 
witness to withstand questioning in these circumstances can be variable. Both 
of the witnesses were extremely nervous and anxious about giving evidence 
which of course is not unusual and neither had attended Coroner’s court 
before and found the experience daunting particularly because this was a jury 
inquest. 

Communications  

• 

• 

A weekly meeting between the acute hospital clinicians at St Marys and 
CNWL now occurs. A joint venture between the two organisations for mental 
health patients attending the emergency department in the form of an 
assessment centre for mental health patients (The Lighthouse), at St Marys 
Hospital opened in the autumn of 2023 and has seen improved 
communication and partnership working. 

We appreciate there is a need to ensure that Psychiatric Liaison nurses and 
Liaison doctors have regard to and consider diagnoses made by other doctors 
who see a patient repeatedly in A&E. CNWL will ensure that the established 
channels of communications are strengthened through  improved consultation 
and collaboration of patient care and a feedback mechanism is used where 
A&E doctors provide input on the effectiveness of psychiatric diagnoses and 
interventions at the  weekly meeting referred to above,  

 
 
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
  
  Training  

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

SPA staff attend SystmOne (CNWL electronic record keeping system) training 
as part of their induction.  

SPA has evolved considerably since this incident and various improvements 
have been implemented. 

SPA has developed an induction pack, which specifically includes guidance 
on various ways of searching or identifying patient vis system one/SPINE. All 
SPA staff now use phonetic alphabet when clarifying patients or callers’ 
details. On each desk within SPA there is a list of the phonetic alphabet, to 
support and prompt staff to ensure they have the correct spelling. SPA also 
has a checklist for call handlers, which prompts them to ask certain questions 
as a minimum, so information is not missed during calls. 

There have been changes in process and systems regarding police contact 
and as an aid to effective communication we will remind the police that during 
telephone calls we require the use of the phonetic alphabet to avoid 
miscommunication. 

By way of assurance to the Learned Coroner, I can confirm that all CNWL 
policies and procedures are available and communicated to staff through 
training sessions, staff handbooks and regular updates on the CNWL Trust 
intranet.  

We operate a comprehensive internal training programme and ensures that all 
new starters to the organisation have a wide-ranging induction to familiarise 
staff with policy relevant to their area of work. 

We use established protocols for monitoring staff adherence to policy such as 
regular audits, supervision and performance reviews. 

We strive for continuous improvement and conducts regular reviews and 
updates of policies and procedures to ensure they remain relevant and fit for 
purpose. 

S136 (HBPOS) suites  

• 

• 

Recent changes as of November 2023 mean that the Police now have a 
generic 0300 number, through which they can access immediate support from 
mental health services. Police can call for advice, or to inform the new 136 
hubs, that they have detained a patient under a Section 136 (MHA). London 
has two s136 hubs, one in the north and one in the south of London. 
Depending on where the Police are calling from, they will be directed to one of 
these hubs. 

SPA no longer manages calls from the Police or support with locating Health 
Based Place of Safety (HBPOS) suites. The s136 hubs have access to all 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 • 

• 

HBPOS suites across London, for which they check capacity through using a 
SMART Tool.  

All HBPOS suites across London update the SMART Tool in real time, as and 
when patients arrive or are discharged from HBPOS suites. In addition, the 
136 hubs call to confirm availability, before sending patients to a suite.  

Police can call the 136 hubs whilst with a patient in the emergency 
department or in the community with a patient. This has helped Police, as 
they no longer need to liaise with several different mental health trusts across 
London. This has contributed to a reduction in Police attending emergency 
departments unnecessarily, due to lack of HBPOS capacity.  

Staffing and recruitment  

• 

• 

• 

Whilst there is a national challenge to recruit and retain Registered Mental 
Health Nurses (RMN’s), CNWL has maintained safer staffing levels and 
provided a full liaison psychiatry staff complement at all times at the St Marys 
Hospital site.  

CNWL currently has a trust vacancy level of 5.9%, and a 12.7% vacancy rate 
for qualified nurses which is well below the national average.  

At CNWL, we recognise the fluid nature of this situation and affirm our 
dedication to consistently recruiting and retaining our valuable staff. We are 
committed to continuously monitoring recruitment and vacancies, as well as 
implementing supportive initiatives. 

Thank you for raising these concerns.  I hope that the content of this letter provides 
sufficient assurance that CNWL takes the concerns raised seriously and has taken 
action following the death of Mr Bottello.  CNWL continues to work to improve the 
service we provide. Should you have any further questions, please do not hesitate to 
contact me directly. 

Yours sincerely, 

Chief Executive
Response from Metropolitan Police Service (PDF)
METROPOLITAN
POLICE

Our Ref: PC

Professor Fiona J Wilcox Director L&D
HM Senior Coroner Metropolitan Police Service
Inner West London Coroner’s Court New Scotland Yard
33 Tachbrook Street Victoria Embankment
London SW1V 2JR London

SWI1A 2JL

Wednesday 3 April 2024

Dear Professor Wilcox

Iam the Director for Learning and Development in the Metropolitan Police Service (“MPS”). On behalf
of the Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis, I write to provide the response to the matter of concen

addressed to the MPS in your Report to Prevent Future Deaths dated 16 February 2024.

On behalf of the MPS, may I first of all express my sincere condolences to the family and friends of Mr
Roberto Bottello, our thoughts and sympathies are very much with them.

The Coroner’s “Matter of Concern”

The Prevention of Future Deaths report dated 16" February 2024 records:-
“4, That police officers may need reminding to use the phonetic alphabet and using the word for

the month in a person’s date of birth”.

MPS Response

Training given to Recruit Police Officers in use of the phonetic alphabet

All MPS officers complete a mandatory training package developed by the College of Policing (the
professional body setting training standards for forces across England and Wales) called “Airwaves
Radios”.’This is hosted on College Learn (the national online training platform for police officers and

staff). Within the first three weeks of initial learning, recruit police officers are provided with a handout

METROPOLITAN
POLICE

regarding airwave etiquette (attached'), including use of the phonetic alphabet. Within every role play

activity they conduct during the initial learning phase, recruits are expected to demonstrate competence
in line with this handout where the scenario includes use of radio transmission. This includes use of the
phonetic alphabet during simulated radio transmissions. Following the initial learning phase, recruits
are deployed onto Street Duties teams working alongside a tutor constable for approximately 10 weeks.
During this time they conduct further role plays which include use of the phonetic alphabet to practice

use of the airwaves.
Embedding organisational learning within initial recruit learning programmes

MPS Learning and Development undertake a learning needs analysis following any recommendations
(for example, from external reports and inquiries) to understand if there is an organisational learning
need and who the learner audience is. Where the learner audience is exclusively new recruits, the Centre
for Initial Recruit Learning will address the learning need through an established Curriculum Design
Authority. This will include an assessment of whether the learning need is being met through our current
provision, or whether new or updated content is required. This will be assessed in the context of the

National Police Curriculum set by the College of Policing.

With regards to the matter of concern set out within this Prevention of Future Death Report relating to
use of the phonetic alphabet, the assessment is that this learning need is being met within our current
provision for new recruits as outlined above. Where the learner audience is broader than just new
recruits, wider MPS Learning and Development will work in partnership with the Centre for Initial

Recruit Learning to agree an implementation approach and prioritisation of related activity.

Yours sincerely,

Director of Leaming and Development

1 This document is being amended to emphasise the requirement to use the phonetic alphabet to conduct a name check
(Example 3). This was presented as a minor change for immediate action, and implementation will be confirmed at the next

Curriculum Design Authority Group next month.
Response from NHS England (PDF)
Fiona Wilcox  
HM Senior Coroner Inner West London 
Westminster Coroner’s Court  
65 Horseferry Road  
London  
SW1P 2ED  

National Medical Director  
NHS England  
Wellington House 
133-155 Waterloo Road  
London 
SE1 8UG 

26 April 2024 

Dear Coroner, 

Re: Regulation 28 Report to Prevent Future Deaths – Roberto Bottello who 
died on 16th September 2020.  

Thank you for your Report to Prevent Future Deaths (hereafter “Report”) dated 16th 
February 2024 concerning the death of Roberto Bottello on 16th September 2020. In 
advance of responding to the specific concerns raised in your Report, I would like to 
express my deep condolences to Roberto’s family and loved ones. NHS England are 
keen to assure the family and the coroner that the concerns raised about Roberto’s 
care have been listened to and reflected upon.   

I am grateful for the further time granted to respond to your Report, and I apologise for 
any anguish this delay may have caused to Roberto’s family or friends. I realise that 
responses to Coroner Reports can form part of the important process of family and 
friends coming to terms with what has happened to their loved ones and appreciate 
this will have been an incredibly difficult time for them. 

We note that you have also sent your Report to Central and North West London NHS 
Foundation Trust (“the Trust”) and The Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis for 
whom  the  majority  of  the  concerns  relate  to.  We  have  been  sighted  on  the  Trust’s 
response to you and note that it details a number of changes to the provision of care 
and services across the Trust. This response addresses those concerns which come 
under the remit of NHS England national policy or programmes, referenced below.  

Concern number 6 - Psychiatric liaison nurses and psychiatric liaison doctors 
should have regard to diagnoses made by other doctors 

All  healthcare  professionals  should  have  regard  to  a  patient’s  medical  history  and 
diagnoses. There are several patient record sharing options available to clinicians to 
access an individual’s medical history. These include Shared Care Records, Summary 
Care Records and the National Care Records Service.  

Concern numbers’ 7 & 10 - That most Section 136 usage is out of hours when 
there  is  less  resource  to  respond  to  psychiatric  services  and  that  there  are 
continued shortages in psychiatric care provision  

                                                                                                                       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 In 2016, NHS England published its 7-Day Hospital Services (7DS) Programme which 
introduced clinical standards regarding the provision of a “truly seven-day NHS” and 
requiring  acute  Trusts  to  provide  board  assurance  compliance.  The  Programme 
focuses on the provision of acute medical care in such a way that there is no difference 
in quality for patients, whichever day they attend at hospital. The NHS continues to 
encourage local health systems to develop effective workforce planning to ensure that 
they have the sufficient qualified staff working across their Trusts and wider system 
that are required for their population care needs. The NHS People Promise helps NHS 
providers to consider ways to recruit and retain staff.  

Workforce and staffing levels continue to be a challenge across the NHS, and we know 
that this can present issues to Trusts. In June 2023, NHS England published the NHS 
Long Term Workforce Plan, setting out how it will train, retain and reform its workforce 
across the next fifteen years to ensure that we are improving access, providing safe 
and  timely  urgent  and  emergency  care  and  continuing  to  reduce  elective  care 
backlogs. The Plan is underpinned by the biggest recruitment drive in NHS history and 
includes focus on growing the psychiatric care workforce.   

Psychological professionals, comprising psychologists, psychological therapists, and 
psychological  practitioners,  are  making  a  rapidly  growing  contribution  to  the  NHS 
across mental health and physical health services. Education and training places for 
clinical  psychology  and  child  and  adolescent  psychotherapy  are  estimated  to  need 
to grow by at least 20–33%, reaching 1,258–1,397 by 2033/34. Our ambition is to grow 
these  training  places  by 26%  by  2031/32. To  support  working  towards  this 
ambition, training  places 
for  clinical  psychology  and  child  and  adolescent 
psychotherapy will be more than 1,000 each year up to 2028/29.  

In addition to education and training for clinical psychologists and child and adolescent 
psychotherapists, over the next three years NHS England has committed funding of 
over  £600  million  to  grow  the  wider  psychological  professions  workforce  through 
training approximately 15,000 more individuals to undertake psychological therapist 
and psychological practitioner roles. Training places for mental health nursing will also 
increase by 38%. The Long-Term Workforce Plan makes a commitment to keep the 
mental health workforce under review.  

Concern number 9: The use of film over glass should be more widespread in the 
NHS England estate 

Estate management is the responsibility of each individual NHS Trust. I note that a 
Serious  Incident  Investigation  was  undertaken  by  the  Trust  in  this  matter  and 
recommendations were made to consider reconfiguring the space to provide a more 
appropriate place of safety for mental health patients. We are advised that the Trust 
will be reviewing their windows to ascertain whether reinforced toughened glass can 
be fitted. 

Your Report has been shared with my colleagues within our national Mental Health 
and Specialised Commissioning Teams who will consider whether any further action 
needs  to  be  taken  regarding  your  concerns.  Colleagues  from  each  of  the  seven 
regions will also be asked to share the learnings from Roberto’s care within their health 
and care systems.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 I would also like to provide further assurances on national NHS England work taking 
place around the Reports to Prevent Future Deaths. All reports received are discussed 
by  the  Regulation  28  Working  Group,  comprising  Regional  Medical  Directors,  and 
other clinical and quality colleagues from across the regions. This ensures that key 
learnings and insights around preventable deaths are shared across the NHS at both 
a national and regional level and helps us pay close attention to any emerging trends 
that may require further review and action.   

Thank you for bringing these important patient safety issues to my attention and please 
do not hesitate to contact me should you need any further information.  

Yours sincerely,  

National Medical Director

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