Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2023

Sarah Waller and Laura Pottinger

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2024-0099, written 21 Apr 2023. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report21 Apr 2023
Reference2024-0099
DeceasedSarah Waller and Laura Pottinger
CoronerEmma Whitting
Coroner areaBedfordshire and Luton
CategoryOther related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Regulation 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

NOTE:  This form is to be used before an inquest. 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 
1  Rt Hon Therese COFFEY MP, Secretary of State for the Environment. Food and 

Rural Affairs 

2 
3 

 Chief Executive of Environment Agency 

, Chair of Environment Agency 

1  CORONER 

I am Emma WHITTING, Senior Coroner for the coroner area of Bedfordshire and Luton 
Coroner Service 

2  CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION 

On 20 April 2023 I commenced an investigation into the death of two women aged 56 and 
52. The investigation has not yet concluded and the inquest has not been heard. 

4  CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

Both Deceased were found in the River Great Ouse at Kempston Mill, BEDFORD, on Sunday 
16 April 2023 at around 10.50 hours. It appears that, at 10.00am that morning, they had 
rented out two canoes from KEMPSTON outdoor centre and had been due to return them at 
11:00hrs. At the time of discovery, one of the Deceased was still caught in the circulating 
flow at the base of the weir along with two canoes and 2 life jackets. Although both 
Deceased were recovered from the water, they were prounced dead at the scene. The 
outdoor centre have indicated that both women had been renting canoes for them regularly 
for some years and had experience of the river. 

5  CORONER’S CONCERNS 

I visited the scene yesterday which revealed matters giving rise to concern. In my opinion 
there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless action is taken.  In the circumstances, 
it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows: 
(brief summary of matters of concern) 

Although there is a physical barrier to prevent access to the top of the weir, there is no 
similar barrier to prevent access to the bottom which appears just as hazardous in view of 
the re-circulating flow (or towback), particularly during time of high water levels. 

6  ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you (and/or 
your organisation) have the power to take such action. 

7  YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, 

Regulation 28 – Before Inquest 
Document Template Updated 30/07/2020 

 namely by June 16, 2023.  I, the Coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out the 
timetable for action.  Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 

8  COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the 

Inland Waterways ASSOCIATION 

who may find it useful or of interest. 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response. 

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary form. 
He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful or of 
interest. 

You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response about the 
release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9  Dated: 21/04/2023 

Emma WHITTING 
Senior Coroner for 
Bedfordshire and Luton Coroner Service 

Regulation 28 – Before Inquest 
Document Template Updated 30/07/2020

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Enviroment Agency (PDF)
Emma Whitting 
Senior Coroner for Bedfordshire and Luton 
Coroner Service 
The Court House 
Woburn Street 
Ampthill 
Bedfordshire 
MK45 2HX 

1st June 2023 

Dear Ms Whitting,  

Environment Agency Response to Regulation 28 Coroners (Investigations) 
Regulations 2013 Report dated 21st April 2023 following the fatality of Laura Pottinger 
and Sarah Waller at Kempston Weir, Bedford. 

On behalf of the Environment Agency, I would like to send our sincere condolences to the 
families of Sarah and Laura.   

Following your site visit to the location and the concern that you set out in your Regulation 
28 Report, I have discussed this matter with 
.  We address below the following 
Matter of Concern that you have asked us to consider -   

“Although there is a physical barrier to prevent access to the top of the weir, there is 
no similar barrier to prevent access to the bottom which appears just as hazardous in 
view of the re-circulating flow (or towback), particularly during time of high water 
levels.” 

For all assets that we own, operate, maintain and control, we undertake a continual 
programme of public safety risk assessment (“PSRA”) in accordance with our duties under 
the Health and Safety at Work, etc. Act 1974 and The Management of Health and Safety at 
Work Regulations 1999. Following all significant events, environmental changes or otherwise 
every five years, we further review our PSRA for the asset/site in question.    

As a result of the review for this site, whilst the facts of the incident are being established we 
are taking the following actions;  

1. 

Installation of a boom downstream of the weir on a temporary basis whilst a review of 
all the options for the site (including the removal of the weir) is undertaken.  The weir 
serves no operational purpose to the delivery of the Environment Agency’s functions.  
It is a legacy asset, inherited from a predecessor body.   

Environment Agency 
Horizon House, Deanery Road, Bristol, BS1 5AH 
www.gov.uk/environment-agency 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2. 

3. 

4. 

Installation of grab lines and throw lines on the downstream banks of the watercourse 
adjoining the weir, to aid rescue and exit from the watercourse.  The timeframe to 
install the boom and grab/throw lines is dependent on the practical issues set out 
below (liaison with the landowner, and geology of the fixing points) but we are 
endeavouring to progress this as quickly as possible.   
Continue working with partner organisations for the delivery of a national water safety 
communication campaign, which aims to educate and increase public awareness of 
the hazards associated with the recreational use of watercourses, including structures 
within the channel and river control assets.   
Continued liaison with our partner organisations and stakeholders (including 
membership of The National Water Safety Forum and The Royal Society for the 
Prevention of Accidents) in respect of the best practice for the management of weirs.  

In determining these measures the following factors have been considered.  

1. 

2. 

The extent to which installing a downstream boom will act as an effective risk control 
measure. It will not be a physical barrier to prevent access. In general booms of this 
nature are installed upstream of a hazard to provide a point of rescue for individuals 
and/or craft who are being pulled by the flow of the watercourse towards the hazard.  It 
provides a point of anchor against the flow and to enable movement towards the side 
of the channel.  In the case of a downstream boom, the flow of the watercourse will 
pull individuals/craft away from the hazard.  Only deliberate, purposeful movement 
against the flow would place individuals within the vicinity of the hazard.  A boom will 
not provide an impenetrable barrier and so it will be relatively easy for individuals to 
circumnavigate it if they choose to. 
A boom will however provide a visual barrier which may provide river users with an 
additional indication that it is not safe to travel further. 

3.  Whether the installation of a downstream boom will create or increase any operational 
risk to Environment Agency employees or contractors which cannot be managed.  
Once in situ the boom will require inspection, management and maintenance to ensure 
that is operates effectively and doesn’t in itself become a hazard. 

4.  Whether the installation of a downstream boom will create or increase flood risk, due 

to debris becoming caught in it. 

5.  Whether the installation of a downstream boom will create a congregation point for 

6. 

7. 

8. 

those who seek more challenging environments for water-sports activities. 
The boom will need to be securely anchored into the banks of the watercourse to 
ensure that it is safe and effective.  The exact location where the boom can be situated 
needs to be determined having considered the structural integrity of the bank 
structures already in situ (revetments) and the identification of land with the required 
geology. 
The Environment Agency is landowner only of Kempston Weir itself and a small area 
of land in the immediate vicinity (please see attached plan).  It is likely that a 
downstream boom will need to be situated in the land surrounding the weir, which is 
owned by a third party.  Liaison and potentially the consent of the landowner will be 
required. 
There is no statutory right to navigate the waters leading up to and surrounding 
Kempston Weir.  The statutory navigation begins downstream at Kempston Mill. The 
Environment Agency are the Navigation Authority for the statutory navigation.  Use of 

Environment Agency 
Horizon House, Deanery Road, Bristol, BS1 5AH 
www.gov.uk/environment-agency 

 
 9. 

and presence in the watercourse outside of the statutory navigation is a private 
property matter concerning the owners of the land which forms the bed of the 
watercourse.   
Having considered the wider circumstances regarding this site, we are aware that 
there are canoe/kayak/paddleboard hire centres in the nearby vicinity.  There is also a 
free carpark and known craft launch points with free access in the immediate locality.  
Anecdotally we have been informed that one of the centres uses the weir for 
supervised white-water training.  The Environment Agency has limited powers to 
physically exert any control over these activities and this is even more so the case 
outside of the statutory navigation and on land not within our ownership which 
approaches the weir.   

10.  The Environment Agency has a statutory duty (to such extent as we consider 

desirable), generally to promote the use of inland waters and land for recreational 
purposes.  To this end, where appropriate we work with a wide group of partner 
organisations to maximise the benefits that accessing the water brings to many 
individuals, whilst managing the risks arising from these activities.  With our partner 
organisations, in addition to physical control measures, we strive to warn water users 
about the hazards arising from accessing the water and the assets within our control.  

We hope that this information addresses the concern that you have raised.  Please let us 
know if there is anything further that you require to facilitate your investigation into this tragic 
incident. 

Yours sincerely  

Chief Executive  
Environment Agency  

Environment Agency 
Horizon House, Deanery Road, Bristol, BS1 5AH 
www.gov.uk/environment-agency

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