Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2024

Brian Chapman

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2024-0164, written 24 Jan 2024. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report24 Jan 2024
Reference2024-0164
DeceasedBrian Chapman
CoronerSimon Milburn
Coroner areaCambridgeshire and Peterborough
CategoryRoad (Highways Safety) related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Regulation 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

NOTE:  This form is to be used after an inquest. 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

1  Department for Transport 

1  CORONER 

I am Simon MILBURN, Area Coroner for the coroner area of Cambridgeshire and 
Peterborough 

2  CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 14 July 2020 I commenced an investigation into the death of Brian William 
CHAPMAN aged 76.  The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on 19 April 
2023.  The conclusion of the inquest was that: 

Medical cause of death –  1a Multiple traumatic injuries; 
Conclusion –  Road Traffic Collision 

4  CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

Mr Chapman was a passenger seated on the upper deck of a bus travelling eastbound on 
the A47 at Wisbech St Mary on 26.06.18. At approximately 0728hrs the bus driver did 
not react to the presence of an articulated lorry which was undertaking a right hand turn 
from a haulage depot on the nearside of the carriageway onto the westbound carriageway 
of the A47. The bus collided at sped with the lorry trailer which was sat across the 
eastbound carriageway. Extensive damage was caused to both vehicles and sadly Mr 
Chapman 

suffered significant and unsurvivable traumatic injuries. His death was confirmed at the 
scene by a paramedic at 0826hrs. 

5 

CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the investigation my inquiries revealed matters giving rise to 
concern. In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless action is 
taken.  In the circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as 
follows: (brief summary of matters of 
concern) 

One of the two vehicles involved in the collision was a double decker service bus 
travelling a scheduled route between Peterborough and Norwich, a distance of 
approximately 80 miles. The bus was not fitted with passenger seatbelts. I heard 
evidence that although since 01.10.01 seatbelts are required to be fitted in all new 
buses(this vehicle was on a ‘63’  plate’) there is an exemption where such vehicles are 
designed for urban use with standing passengers. 

Regulation 28 – After Inquest 
Document Template Updated 30/07/2021 

 Whilst this particular route required the bus to travel from/to and stop off in 5-6 urban 
centres the majority of the journey took place on a major A route through rural areas. The 
speed of the bus at the point of collision was approximately 53mph. Both the bus driver 
and an upper deck passenger were killed in the collision. 

Whilst there was no evidence that either death would have been prevented by the 
wearing of seatbelts a number of other passengers were injured in the collision. 

I am concerned where buses are undertaking journeys such as this through predominantly 
rural locations and subject to the national speed limit without seatbelts being required 
there is an obvious risk of death to passengers if collisions occur, particularly at high 
speed. 

6  ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you (and/or 
your organisation) have the power to take such action. 

7  YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, 
namely by March 25, 2024.  I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out the 
timetable for action.  Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 

8  COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested 
Persons 

Family of 
Family of Mr Chapman 
Legal Representatives for Brett Transport 
Legal Representatives for First Bus 
Legal Representatives for 

I am also under a duty to send a copy of your response to the Chief Coroner and all 
interested persons who in my opinion should receive it. 

I may also send a copy of your response to any person who I believe may find it useful or 
of interest. 

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary form. 
He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful or of 
interest. 

You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response about the 
release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9  Dated: 24/01/2024 

Simon MILBURN 
Area Coroner for 
Cambridgeshire and Peterborough 

Regulation 28 – After Inquest 
Document Template Updated 30/07/2021

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Department for Transport (PDF)
From the Secretary of State 
The Rt Hon Mark Harper MP 

Great Minster House 
33 Horseferry Road 
London 
SW1P 4DR 

Mr Simon Milburn 
Area Coroner for  
Cambridgeshire and Peterborough 
Lawrence Court 
Princes Street 
Huntingdon 
PE29 3PA 

 21 March 2024 

Dear Mr Milburn, 

Thank you for your Regulation 28 Report to Prevent Future Deaths dated 24 
January, sent to the Department for Transport following the conclusion of 
your inquest into the death of Brian William Chapman. I am sorry to hear of 
the tragic death of Mr Chapman, for which I offer my sincere condolences to 
his family and friends. 

Travel by bus and coach is one of the safest modes of road transport in Great 
Britain. That said, the Department is committed to improving safety for all bus 
passengers using appropriate vehicle construction standards and ensuring 
the safe operation of vehicles. 

Our national regulations set the minimum construction standards for new road 
vehicles and utilise a number of specifications that are harmonised with the 
wider international community. Since 2001, seat belts have been required for 
each forward and rearward facing seat in all new buses. The only exemption 
from the mandatory requirement to fit seatbelts is for buses designed to carry 
standing passengers. These tend to travel at moderate speeds on urban 
routes and are relatively heavy when compared to most of the adjacent traffic. 
This means that seat belts would have only a very limited road safety benefit 
and are not required to ensure comparable levels of protection between 
seated and standing passengers.  

Once a bus is approved for use there are no specific regulations to restrict the 
type of roads it can use and for standard bus services it is for the operator to 
choose the type of vehicle used to provide a given service, and this should 
take account of the type of intended operation. Exceptions to this cover 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 contracted or tendered services where the local transport authority can 
specify the type of vehicles or equipment to be used, which could include 
requiring only vehicles fitted with seat belts.  

Traffic Commissioners are responsible for licensing and regulation of those 
who operate buses and the registration of most bus services. On the request of 
a local transport authority, a traffic commissioner can consider the potential 
use of Traffic Regulation Conditions (TRCs) to prevent danger to road users. It 
would be for the individual traffic commissioners to determine whether their 
powers could extend to the use of a TRC to restrict certain buses from 
particular roads. 

Overall, we believe the existing regulatory framework is appropriate as it 
harmonises vehicle construction with the wider international community and 
provides proportionate safeguards whilst ensuring the legislative landscape is 
sufficiently flexible to meet the needs of the local community. This ensures 
the economic viability and sustainability of bus services, which in turn 
supports social inclusion and the local economy, particularly in rural areas. 

Finally, my officials will write immediately to the CPT, the trade body which 
represents bus and coach operators, highlighting the importance for their 
members in selecting appropriate vehicles based on the type of bus service 
operated, including full consideration of using only vehicles fitted with seat 
belts. At that same time they will also write to the Office of the Traffic 
Commissioner to raise awareness of this issue. 

Yours sincerely, 

The Rt Hon Mark Harper MP 

SECRETARY OF STATE FOR TRANSPORT

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