Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2024

Tracey Haybittle

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2024-0469, written 22 Aug 2024. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report22 Aug 2024
Reference2024-0469
DeceasedTracey Haybittle
CoronerSean Cummings
Coroner areaMilton Keynes
CategoryRoad (Highways Safety) related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published4

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Regulation 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS

NOTE: This form is to be used after an inquest.

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT DEATHS

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO:

1 Chief Coroner
2 Apple UK LIMITED
3 Google
4 TomTom
5 National Highways

1

CORONER

I am Sean CUMMINGS, Assistant Coroner for the coroner area of Milton Keynes

2

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013.

3

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST

On 21 November 2023 I commenced an investigation into the death of Tracey Julie
HAYBITTLE aged 58. The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on 16 July
2024. The conclusion of the inquest was that:

Road traffic collision

4

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

Tracey Julie Haybittle died at the John Radcliffe Hospital on the 17th November 2023. She
had been driving along the A5 adjacent to the Little Brickhill junction. Another driver had
mistakenly entered the "off" slip road believing it to be the correct turn. It appears she was
following audio directions from her satnav application. She proceeded to drive down the slip
road at speed and collided head on with Mrs Haybittle's vehicle. The other driver died at the
scene and her female passenger was critically injured but survived.

5

CORONER’S CONCERNS

During the course of the investigation my inquiries revealed matters giving rise to concern.
In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless action is taken. In the
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you.

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows:
(brief summary of matters of concern)

I have made observations regarding the slip road at this junction in my initial pre-Inquest
Report To Prevent Future Deaths dated the 21st December 2023 in respect of the linked
case of Amal Mohamed Ahmed.
National Highways undertook a number of immediate remedial measures to try to prevent
drivers turning and travelling the wrong way down this slip road, including narrowing the
"mouth" of the slip road to one lane, placement of very large temporary "No Entry" signs
and placement of signs indicating "Do Not Use Satnav" at the site. CCTV monitoring of
driver behaviour was commenced. Police activity and monitoring by National Highways

Regulation 28 – After Inquest
Document Template Updated 30/07/2021

 showed that despite these measures, drivers were still turning early and attempting to
drive the wrong way down the slip road. Further enquiries by the police and information
volunteered by members of the public who made the same incorrect manoeuvre led to the
finding that while the visual map display on commonly used satnav applications at this
junction displayed the correct information, the verbal commands gave information likely to
confuse and direct drivers down the wrong slip road into the path of oncoming traffic. This
was observed to happen frequently.

6

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you (and/or
your organisation) have the power to take such action.

7

YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report,
namely by October 17, 2024. I, the coroner, may extend the period.

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out the
timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed.
COPIES and PUBLICATION

8

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested
Persons

I have also sent it to

Chief Executive of Milton Keynes City Council

who may find it useful or of interest.

I am also under a duty to send a copy of your response to the Chief Coroner and all
interested persons who in my opinion should receive it.

I may also send a copy of your response to any person who I believe may find it useful or
of interest.

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary form.
He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful or of
interest.

You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response about the
release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner.

9

Dated: 22/08/2024

Sean CUMMINGS
Assistant Coroner for
Milton Keynes

Regulation 28 – After Inquest
Document Template Updated 30/07/2021

Responses

4 responses published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Apple (PDF)
Subject:     Re: Preventing Future Death Reports: AHMED HAYBITTLE 11/2023
Sent:    
From:    
To:    

17/10/2024, 21:13:27

Importance:                                           High

Follow Up Flag:                                      Follow up
Flag Status:                                             Flagged

Dear 

,

CAUTION: This email originated outside of Milton Keynes City Council.
Please be extra vigilant when opening attachments or clicking on links.
Report spam or suspected malicious email via the REPORT MESSAGE icon above.

Thank you for your email providing Regulation 28 Preventing Future Death Reports which was passed to Apple’s privacy and law enforcement requests team for review. 

We immediately investigated the concerns raised and found no data or routing error on Maps which would have contributed to these tragic events. 

However, to ensure we were following the very best approach we are taking an additional measure to add the following special voice guidance for drivers heading past the A5 offramp toward the A5
onramp, which we intend will be live by the start of next week.
- Drivers heading past the A5 offramp toward the A5 onramp would be instructed to "Continue straight at the overpass” (that will happen as they are traveling west toward the offramp).
- While on the overpass, drivers would be instructed to “Turn right onto A5 toward Milton Keynes, Bletchley."

We trust that the steps we are taking will be helpful to try to avoid any future such tragic events.

Yours sincerely

On Sep 24, 2024, at 11:25 AM, 

 wrote:

Good morning 

Please see attached the Regulation 28 Preventing Future Death Reports produced by the Coroner following the Inquests touching the deaths of Ms. Amal AHMED and Mrs. Tracey
HAYBITTLE who died following a Road Traffic Collision on the 16th of November 2023.

If you require anything further, please do get in touch.

Best wishes,

Coroner’s Officer

Milton Keynes
Response from Google (PDF)
Belgrave House, 76 Buckingham Palace Road, London SW1W 9TQ, United Kingdom

Google UK Limited

Mr Sean Cummings
The Coroner’s Office
Civic Offices
1 Saxon Gate East
Milton Keynes
MK9 3EJ

By post and email:

Dear Sean Cummings

16 October 2024

Regulation 28: Report to Prevent Future Deaths – Tracey Haybittle and Amal Ahmed

We refer to your report dated 22 August 2024 regarding Mrs Haybittle and to your report dated 23 August
2024 regarding Ms Ahmed. This letter serves as a formal response to the queries and points raised
within the reports.

Circumstances of death

We are deeply saddened to hear of the tragic circumstances relating to the deaths of Mrs Haybittle and
Ms Ahmed.

We understand from the reports that on 20 November 2023, Ms Ahmed’s vehicle collided with Mrs
Haybittle’s vehicle on the A5 adjacent to the Little Brickhill junction. Ms Ahmed died at the scene; Mrs
Haybittle died later at the John Radcliffe Hospital. A passenger of one of the vehicles required critical
care and suffered life threatening and changing injuries.

The reports indicate that Ms Ahmed appeared to have been using a GPS – or “satnav” – navigation
system, but mistakenly entered the “off” slip road at the Little Brickhill junction and drove the wrong way
at speed before colliding with Mrs Haybittle. We understand that the junction was painted with “No Entry”
on the road surface – along with white, double broken lines (indicating “give way”) – and was flanked by
two red “No Entry” road signs. National Highways subsequently undertook a number of measures to
prevent other drivers from incorrectly entering the slip road, but observed that drivers frequently
continued to do so. Enquiries by the police and information volunteered by members of the public
suggested that the audio guidance given by their satnav systems may be confusing drivers into making
the incorrect manoeuvre.

Google Maps

Google Maps is a mapping and navigation application provided to users in the UK by Google LLC. It can
provide directions for users to travel from one point to another on foot, in a vehicle, by bicycle or by public
transport. The application offers directions that can visibly be shown on the user’s device and/or offers
audio guidance to prepare users for upcoming manoeuvres, and to guide them to the point at which they
must turn or make the manoeuvre.

Registered address: Belgrave House, 76 Buckingham Palace Road, London SW1W 9TQ
Registered in England and Wales with registration number 03977902

 Belgrave House, 76 Buckingham Palace Road, London SW1W 9TQ, United Kingdom

Google UK Limited

Safety is core to how Google develops and operates the Google Maps service, and we understand our
responsibility to keep our users and other road users safe. We implement a multi-layered approach to
ensure navigation instructions are provided safely, including through real-time data updates and
algorithm optimisation, user feedback and reporting, and integration with other safety features such as
Car Crash Detection on certain Pixel devices. We endeavour to ensure that any audio guidance given by
Google Maps serves as a useful tool for drivers, though users must always obey road signs and traffic
signals.

Steps taken in response to the reports

We recognise that the cases identified in the reports are tragic. While it is not clear whether Google Maps
was involved, we have carefully considered whether there are improvements we can make to Google
Maps to help ensure that similar incidents do not occur in future. We have therefore taken the following
measures:

● We have liaised with National Highways and reviewed their helpful dashcam footage of the

relevant junction. This has assisted our product and engineering teams in carefully
investigating the audio guidance provided by Google Maps. Our teams are working on
improvements to the timing of the audio guidance.

● As part of these improvements, we anticipate providing enhanced audio guidance in

situations such as those in this case. This will involve an amended audio prompt as a driver
approaches a junction where they would cross an overpass: “after the overpass, turn right”.
We hope that this will provide clearer guidance for drivers and help reduce the risk that they
make an incorrect turn. Although changes such as these require significant internal validation
before they can be launched publicly, we hope to launch them in the near future.

More generally, Google remains committed to continually improving its services to provide helpful
navigation services, and we welcome feedback from users which can be submitted through the Google
Maps mobile application or website.

Yours faithfully

Legal Department
Google UK Limited

Registered address: Belgrave House, 76 Buckingham Palace Road, London SW1W 9TQ
Registered in England and Wales with registration number 03977902
Response from National Highways (PDF)
NATIONAL HIGHWAYS UPDATE TO CORONER (JUNE 2024) 

THIS FURTHER RESPONSE IS BEING SENT TO: 

The  Assistant  Coroner  for  the  coroner  area  of  Milton  Keynes,  Dr  Sean 
Cummings, of Civic Offices, 1 Saxon Gate East, Milton Keynes MK9 3EJ to 
provide  an  update  of  the  actions  National  Highways  has  taken  and  intends  to 
take  as  committed  to  in  our  Regulation  29  response  dated  14  February  2024 
following  the  ‘Regulation  28  Report  to  Prevent  Future  Deaths’  issued  before  an 
inquest into the death of Amal Mohamed Ahmed.  

1  DETAILS OF FURTHER ACTIONS TAKEN (since National Highways 

Regulation 29 response, dated 14 February 2024) 

Additional temporary signing has been put in place at the exit point of the A5 off 
slip at the Little Brickhill junction in the form of two large 1200mm ‘No Entry’ signs 
on  A-frames  on  each  side  of  the  carriageway  (Traffic  Signs  Regulations  and 
General Directions (TSRGD), Diagram 616 No entry for vehicular traffic). These 
signs  are  intended  to  provide  mitigation  against  further  wrong  way  driving 
incidents while a full safety review of the junction has been undertaken. 

Image  1  –  Additional  No-Entry  signs  installed  on  07/12/2023.  Existing  fixed 
signs remained unchanged. 

Interference with signs: 

Following a site inspection on 24 April 2024, it was observed that the offside fixed 
(permanent) No-Entry sign had been rotated to face westwards (facing the Little 
Brickhill  approach).  This  alteration  had  not  been  instructed  or  carried  out  by 
National Highways. 

The result of this change meant neither of the fixed No-Entry signs were visible to 
drivers  approaching  the  junction  from  the  east  (Woburn  approach).  To  remedy 
this, the nearside sign was rotated to face westwards, see images below.  

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Image  1  -  Offside  sign  rotated  (by 
unknown party/person(s)) – 24/04/2024 

Image  2  -  nearside  sign  rotated  to 
the correct position on 26/04/2024 

Image  3  -  Offside  sign  before  rotated  – 
07/12/2023 

Image  4  -  Offside  sign  after  being 
rotated – 24/04/2024 

Defacing/graffiti of the temporary signs 

Following  the  installation  of  the  additional  temporary  signs  on  07  December 
2023, regular inspections carried out identified that the signs have  been defaced 
with  graffiti  on  a  number  of  occasions.  The  following  extract  of  the  inspection 
record details the date and details: 

Date 

Time 
(approx.) 

Signs Present 

comments 

22/04/2024  10:00 

23/04/2024  09:40 

Sign damaged 
or graffitied 

Sign damaged 
or graffitied 

Ringway attempting to source new sign faces 

24/04/2024  10:00 

Both present 
and OK 

Ringway have removed the graffiti from the existing 
signage 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 25/04/2024  10:00 

29/04/2024  10:10 

01/05/2024  10:00 

Both present 
and OK 

Both present 
and OK 
Both present 
and OK 

Ringway have installed a L2 closure and bought the 
no entry signs closer together (work carried out 
24/04/2024) 

03/05/2024  09:30 

Sign damaged 
or graffitied 

Small scrawny white writing on the right-hand sign 
across the white section 

03/05/2024  11:00 

Sign damaged 
or graffitied 

1 x wonky cone moved back out on longitudinal just 
after last 610 

2 x cones out of placed - corrected under fix now 

07/05/2024  09:30 

08/05/2024  10:00 

10/05/2024  11:00 

13/05/2024  11:00 

Both present 
and OK 

Both present 
and OK 
Both present 
and OK 
Both present 
and OK 

14/05/2024  10:00 

Both present 
and OK 

Large number of lamps facing either left or right and 
batteries need checking - Ringway attended 

15/05/2024  10:00 

Both present 
and OK 

17/05/2024  11:40 

Both present 
and OK 

Large cone strike at beginning of taper and a few 
other cones out of place - Spoke to Ringway, they 
will send someone ASAP 

20/05/2024  12:30 

22/05/2024  09:30 

24/05/2024  11:30 

29/05/2024  10:00 

Both present 
and OK 
Both present 
and OK 
Both present 
and OK 
Both present 
and OK 

28/05/2024  10:30 

Sign damaged 
or graffitied 

Graffiti on one of the No Entry Signs. (Ringway) 
informed and arranging clean up today 

31/05/2024  08:30 

03/06/2024  12:24 

Both present 
and OK 
Both present 
and OK 

Photo supplied to Abi via WhatsApp 

05/06/2024  10:00 

Both present 
and OK 

Cone strike and use sat nav sign hanging - Ringway 
attended 

07/06/2024  11:45 

10/06/2024  10:00 

12/06/2024  10:00 

14/06/2024  10:00 

17/06/2024  10:00 

Both present 
and OK 

Sign damaged 
or graffitied 

Both present 
and OK 
Both present 
and OK 
Both present 
and OK 

Graffiti on both signs, reported to Ringway 

3 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 19/06/2024  10:00 

Both present 
and OK 

Some cones misaligned - emailed Ringway to 
attend 

21/06/2024  09:15 

24/06/2024  11:20 

Sign damaged 
or graffitied 

Sign damaged 
or graffitied 

Graffiti on both signs, reported to Ringway 

Graffiti on both signs, reported to Ringway 

Further non-permanent enhancements 

Further  enhancements  were  made  to  the  temporary  signing  layout  following 
some  additional  reports  of  drivers  attempting  to  turn  into  the  slip  road.  These 
reports came from: 

18  April  2024  –  email  received  from  local  Councillor  Tracey  Bailey  notifying  us 
that reports had been made by residents directly to Cllr Bailey. 

23  April  2024  –  A  Ringway  operative  (maintenance  contractor  for  National 
Highways)  carrying  out  maintenance  to  the  No-Entry  signs  following  an  act  of 
graffiti on the temporary signs. 

These further changes involved closing the offside lane of the slip road to remove 
the  potential  ‘appearance’  of  a  two-way  road.  This  also  enabled  the  two  large 
diameter No-Entry signs to be positioned closer together, see images below: 

Image  5  -  Additional  measures  at  the  slip  road  to  mitigate  right-turn 
manoeuvres. 

4 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Image  6  -  view  of  junction  from  the 
west (Woburn approach) 

Image  7  -  view  of  junction  from  the 
east (Little Brickhill approach) 

These  works  were  undertaken  on  the  night  of  the  24  April  2024.  A  daily 
inspection  regime  was  put  in  place  to  monitor  the  signs  and  cones,  and  this  is 
ongoing. 

Abnormal Loads 

The  existing  slip  road  includes  a  nearside  overrun  area.  This  is  to  cater  for 
routing  of  Abnormal  Loads.  Whilst  these  temporary  measures  are  in  place, 
Network  Occupancy  teams  are  monitoring  applications  for  abnormal  loads  to 
ensure changes can be made to the temporary works and replaced as required.  

‘Do not follow Sat Nav’ signs 

During the  deployment of the  non-permanent  enhancements  as  detailed  above, 
two  vehicles  were  observed  turning  right  into  the  slip  road.  On  speaking  to  the 
driver  of  the  second  vehicle,  the  driver  stated  they  were  following  Sat  Nav 
instructions.  At  this  time,  the  A5  carriageway  was  closed  for  routine  drainage 
works so opposing traffic was not present.  

Again,  on the  29  April  2024, the  location  was visited  by  National  Highways and 
Thames  Valley  Police  (Traffic  Management  Officer).  During  the  site  visit,  a 
vehicle  was  observed  to  attempt  to  turn  right  into  the  slip  road  against  the  No-
Entry signing. The driver was flagged down and aborted the turn. On speaking to 
the driver, they said that the Sat Nav app said to turn right. This raised concerns 
that Sat Nav instructions may have been leading to driver confusion.  

As a result, temporary signs displaying ‘Do not follow Sat Nav’ were deployed on 
site together with a customer information sign. These signs were installed on 07 
May 2024, see images below.  

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Image 8 - sign installed on westbound 
approach to the slip road 

Image  9  -  sign  installed  at  the  top  of 
the slip road (left hand side) 

Image 10 - sign installed at the top of 
the slip road (right hand side) 

Sat Nav Routing 

Investigations  have  been  undertaken  to  understand  the  potential  influence  Sat 
Nav  instructions  are  having  on  driver  behaviour.  Route  drives  were  undertaken 
using  various  Sat  Nav  apps  (Google  Maps,  Apple  Maps  and  WAZE)  to  review 
route guidance given to drivers. 

The key findings were: 

1.  There were no issues found where routing contravened no entry signs at 

the slip road. 

2.  Whilst  all  routing  clearly  indicates  the  correct  route  to  be  driven,  an 
audible  instruction  is  given  to  drivers  coinciding  with  the  top  of  the  slip 
road. 

As  a  result  of  these  findings,  contact  was  made  with  Google  Maps  (17  May 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2024). 

This is currently being investigated by Google Maps and we are awaiting further 
updates.  

Further enquiries are being made with Apple Maps and WAZE. 

As  part  of  continued  monitoring  of  the  junction,  we  are  planning  to  undertake 
CCTV  monitoring,  initially  for  24hours  a  day  for  a  period  of  7  days,  to  measure 
the effectiveness of the temporary layout.  

2  DEVELOPMENT OF PERMANENT WORKS 

Following  receipt  of  the  Regulation  28  Report  to  Prevent  future  Deaths,  we 
commissioned our external design consultant (WSP) to carry out feasibility work 
to  determine  and  recommend  appropriate  permanent  changes  at  the  junction, 
including the following key activities: 

1.  Undertake Safety Risk Assessment of each engineering option as 
identified in the National Highways Safety Assessment Report. 

2.  Undertake appraisal effectiveness, cost and engineering difficulty of each 

engineering option as identified in the National Highways Safety 
Assessment Report. 

3.  Carry out TA 501 Road Lighting Appraisal (Design Manual for Roads and 
Bridges (DMRB)) of the study area to identify whether lighting is required. 

Details  of  the  external  design  consultants’  initial  assessment  and  options  were 
submitted to National Highways on 14 June 2024, and we are currently reviewing 
the outcomes and planning the next steps, which include: 

1.  Carry out workshop with the design consultants to review outcomes of 

Safety Risk Assessment and TA501 Road Lighting Appraisal to discuss 
and agree preferred option. 

2.  Produce outline preliminary design for preferred option, complete with 

Cost Estimate. 

3.  Prepare Stage 1 Road Safety Audit Brief. 

4.  Prepare Stage 1 Road Safety Audit Response Report. 

Following  completion  of  above  actions,  detailed  design  will  be  carried  out  and 
implementation programmed for the 2025/26 financial year. 

During this period, temporary measures will remain in place, together with regular 
checks and inspections.  

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3  TIMETABLE FOR NEXT STEPS 

DATE     

ACTION 

Q2 2025 

Programme implementation of enhanced mitigation measures 

4 

25th June 2024 

Signed: 

on behalf of 

, Head of Planning & Development 

8
Response from Tomtom (PDF)
HM Coroners Office
Civic
1 Saxon Gate East
Milton Keynes
MK9 3EJ
United Kingdom
Email:

By email

Amsterdam, 16 October 2024

Subject: Regulation 28 – Report to Prevent Future Deaths

Dear Mr. Cummings,

We are writing in response to your reports dated 22nd and 23rd August 2024, regarding the accident at
the A5 near the Little Brickhill junction.

First of all, we would like to extend our condolences to all those affected by this tragic event.

At  TomTom,  the  safety  of  our  customers  and  all  road  users  is  our  priority,  and  we  take  security
matters very seriously.

Following  the  report,  we  reviewed  our  navigation  systems’  verbal  instructions  provided  near  the
junction  at  hand.  We  have  simulated  different  scenarios,  including  speed  variations  of  60mph  and
30mph,  to  better  understand  how  our  navigation  systems  presented  instructions  based  on  driver
speed.  The  scenarios  assumed  that  the  driver  would  either  (i)  maintain  maximum speed  until  the
junction; or (ii) slow down when approaching it. The outcome of the review revealed that instructions
were given either (i) right when passing by the off-slip road; or (ii) after passing by the off-slip road,
when on the overpass towards the exit.

As part of our ongoing efforts to enhance road safety, we recently implemented additional safeguards, to
limit drivers’ confusion where possible, regardless of their speed behavior on the road, by timing the
verbal  commands  closer  to  the  actual  exit,  and  in  any  event  after  passing  the  off-slip  road.
However, please note that in order for these changes to be effective and visible by end users, they
need    to   use   the   latest   map   and   therefore   in   certain    circumstances   need   to   update   their
systems/devices.

Although  our  navigation  systems  offer  road  assistance  and  simplify  each  journey,  drivers  remain
responsible  for  driving.  That  said,  we  believe  that  the  mentioned  changes  in  verbal  instructions,
combined  with  the  steps taken  by  National  Highways to  improve  safety  at this  location  will  provide
drivers with clearer and more timely guidance.

Thank  you  for  bringing  this  to  our  attention.  Please  do  not  hesitate  to  contact  us  if  you  have  any
further questions.

This letter is submitted without prejudice and TomTom reserves all rights accordingly.

Yours sincerely,

TomTom International B.V.

VP / Head of Commercial Legal

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