Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2025

Graham Whiteley

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2025-0063, written 30 Jan 2025. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report30 Jan 2025
Reference2025-0063
DeceasedGraham Whiteley
CoronerVanessa McKinlay
Coroner areaSomerset
CategoryEmergency services related deaths (2019 onwards)
Organisation namedSouth Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

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REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: South Western Ambulance Service NHS
Foundation Trust

CORONER

I am Vanessa McKinlay, Assistant Coroner for Somerset

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 and
regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013.

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST

On 24 June 2024 I commenced an investigation into the death of Graham Whiteley.  The
investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on 29 January 2025.  The conclusion of
the inquest was: Accident.

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

Mr Whiteley suffered from Alzheimer’s disease with a history of seizures and falls.  He lived
in a care home.  On 9 June 2024, Mr Whiteley walked out of the care home alone when the
doors were inadvertently and momentarily left unlocked.  He was found by a member of the
public having fallen at the side of the road and sustained head injuries.   Owing to  severe
pressure on the ambulance service, an ambulance was not dispatched until a decision had
already been made for the police to convey Mr Whiteley to Musgrove Park Hospital.  On
admission to hospital he was diagnosed to have sustained facial fractures and an intracranial
bleed.    Neurosurgery  was  not  indicated  owing  to  Mr  Whiteley’s  frail  condition  and  co-
morbidities.  He developed pneumonia and he died in hospital on 18 June 2024.

 (Consultant Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgeon) gave the medical

cause of death as:

1a Hospital acquired pneumonia
1b Polytrauma secondary to fall
1c Advanced dementia

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CORONER’S CONCERNS

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In my
opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you.

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows:

 a) The 999 call to the ambulance service was received at 14.24 hours.  The Emergency
Medical Dispatcher was informed that Mr Whiteley had fallen, had banged his head,
was  bleeding  and  was  barely  conscious.    This  generated  a  category  2  response
requirement.

b) At 15.03 hours there were 107 incidents awaiting allocation across the ambulance
Trust area, including 21 in the Bravo patch where Mr Whiteley’s incident occurred.
c) The  excessive  number  of  incidents  awaiting  allocation  was  caused  by  delays  in
handing  over  the  care  of  patients  from  ambulance  crews  to  the  four  main  acute
hospitals within the Bravo area (Musgrove Park Hospital, Weston General Hospital,
Southmead Hospital and the Bristol Royal Infirmary).

d) The handover delays meant that there were over 84 hours of ambulance time lost to
handovers.  This was the equivalent of approximately 7.5 double crewed ambulance
shifts which were lost to delays.

e) An ambulance was allocated to Mr Whitely at 16.08 hours with an expected time of
arrival of 16.30 hours.  Had it arrived, Mr Whiteley’s ambulance would have taken
at least 2 hours and 6 minutes to arrive from the time of the 999 call.
In the event, Avon and Somerset Police conveyed Mr Whiteley to hospital as the
attending Police Tactical Medic was concerned about the ambulance delay and the
need for timely assessment at hospital.  This meant that the ambulance could be stood
down.

f)

g) The  evidence  given  by  the  ambulance  Trust  at the  inquest  was  that  the  delays in
allocating  ambulances  caused  by  the  delays  in  handing  over  to  acute  hospitals  is
continuing.

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ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you have the
power to take such action.

YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report,
namely by 27 March 2025. I, the coroner, may extend the period.

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out the
timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed.

COPIES and PUBLICATION

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested
Persons:

Hummingbird Care Home LLP

 (Mr Whiteley’s daughter)

I have also sent it to the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, NHS England, ICS,
and CQC.

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.

 The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary form.

She may send a copy of this report to any person who she believes may find it useful or of
interest. You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response,
about the release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner.

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30 January 2025

Vanessa McKinlay
Assistant Coroner for Somerset

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (PDF)
Trust Headquarters 
Abbey Court 
Eagle Way 
Exeter 
Devon 
EX2 7HY 

Tel: 01392 261500 
Fax: 01392 261510 
Website: www.swast.nhs.uk 

Our ref:   

20th March 2025 

Vanessa McKinlay 
Assistant Coroner for Somerset 
Old Municipal Buildings 
Corporation Street 
Taunton 
TA1 4AQ 

Dear Ms McKinlay 

Prevention of future deaths report touching on the death of Mr Graham Whiteley 

I am writing on behalf of South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust 
(thereafter referred to as the SWAST) in response to a Regulation 28 report to prevent 
future deaths, issued in relation to death of Mr Graham Whiteley. Our thoughts are with  
Mr Whiteley’s family, and we send them our sincere condolences. 

Handover delays at hospital trusts have the biggest impact on SWAST’s ability to respond 
to patients. This articulated on the SWAST corporate risk register, where a risk related to 
system activity and flow sits at the highest level, with a risk score of 25. The challenge with 
impacts of handover delays is that SWAST alone cannot solve it. In August 2023, the 
Health Services Safety Investigation Body (HSSIB) published a final report ‘Harm caused 
by delays in transferring patients to the right place of care’. This report strengthens the 
findings of the SWAST system PSII report that was produced in July 2022, with a review 
and an addendum added in December 2023. It is recognised that a patient’s health may 
deteriorate while they are waiting to be seen by ED staff, or they may be harmed because 
they are not able to access timely and appropriate treatment. 

At SWAST we are working to combat and reduce handover delays. This is a key priority to 
improve access to our services and to reduce harm to patients waiting in the community 
for an ambulance response.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 To address handover delays, a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) was introduced in 
late 2021. This has since been reviewed and updated, with a reassessment against locally 
agreed standards conducted in December 2023 and January 2024. The SOP facilitates 
the effective management of delays by employing four handover escalation levels. Local 
teams have collaborated with each hospital to determine the specific actions to be taken at 
each level. The triggers for escalation have also been locally established, enabling a more 
responsive and tailored approach. Additionally, the approach includes a designated area 
for immediate patient handover in situations where the Trust is unable to respond to a 
pending local Category 1 call within a reasonable timeframe. 

SWAST remains committed to collaborating with hospitals to address this issue. In many 
instances, local operations teams hold daily meetings with their respective Emergency 
Departments. Resolving delays has been identified as a key priority by the regional NHS 
England (NHSE) team, and SWAST actively participated in the NHSE Ambulance 
Handovers task and finish group during the summer of 2024. Additionally, in 2024, a new 
tier of senior county-level meetings was established, bringing together hospitals, 
commissioners, NHSE, and SWAST. These meetings have provided SWAST with 
valuable opportunities to engage in Integrated Care System (ICS) discussions aimed at 
reducing delays. 

Building on the aforementioned efforts, several initiatives are being implemented locally 
and across the South West by SWASFT. These include: 

•  Maintaining a robust ‘Hear and Treat’ approach, with referrals made, where 
suitable, to alternative services such as NHS 111 or self-care options. 

•  Maximising the use of ‘See and Treat’ to reduce the number of patients transferred 

to Emergency Departments (ED) unless absolutely necessary. 

•  Providing Hospital Ambulance Liaison Officer (HALO) support at acute hospitals 

when required to aid patient flow. 

•  Ensuring the Trust’s Operations Delivery Cell minimises resource unavailability as 

much as possible, increasing the capacity to respond effectively. 

•  Supporting the establishment of the Care Coordination Hub in Somerset, which 

launched on the 4th November 2024 and co-locating a specialist to further optimise 
appropriate patient conveyance to ED. 

•  Employing mutual aid solutions, including the use of Private Ambulance Providers, 

to bolster system support during periods of high demand. 

These actions reflect a concerted effort to enhance patient care and system efficiency. 

We have also collaborated with the Somerset system to implement the ‘Timely Handover 
Process,’ designed to initiate a rapid handover if it has not been completed within  
90 minutes of arrival. This process was introduced in the area in November 2024 and 
following a challenging Christmas period we are now seeing early improvements in 
handover efficiency. 

SWAST is dedicated to collaborating with system partners to mitigate handover delays and 
minimise their impact on our patients. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Yours sincerely  

Chief Executive Officer

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