Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2025

Milos Jankovic

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2025-0490, written 1 Oct 2025. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report1 Oct 2025
Reference2025-0490
DeceasedMilos Jankovic
CoronerRachel Knight
Coroner areaSouth Wales Central
CategoryHospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths · Wales prevention of future deaths reports (2019 onwards)
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published2

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

GRAEME HUGHES 

HIS MAJESTY’S 
SENIOR CORONER 

SOUTH WALES CENTRAL 
CORONER AREA 

ANNEX A 

CORONER’S OFFICE 

THE OLD COURTHOUSE 

COURTHOUSE STREET 

PONTYPRIDD 

CF37 1JW 

REGULATION 28:  REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS (1) 

NOTE: This form is to be used after an inquest. 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

The Minister for Health and Social Services of Wales, 

 Chief Executive of Digital Health & Care Wales 

CORONER 

1 

2 

3 

I am Rachel Knight H M Coroner, for the coroner area of South Wales Central. 
CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 and 
regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 
INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

Coroner’s Office, The Old Courthouse, Courthouse Street, Pontypridd, CF37 1JW 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 On 26 November 2024 I commenced an investigation into the death of Milos JANKOVIC. The 
investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on 18/09/2025. The narrative conclusion of the 
inquest was that Mr Jankovic had been diagnosed with Barrett’s Oesophagus in 2014, but lost to 
follow up surveillance due to a bowel cancer taking priority. Sadly, in 2024 he began to show 
symptoms of cancer and testing established that he had developed brain metastases of a primary 
oesophageal cancer. 

Had Mr Jankovic been under surveillance, it is more likely than not that he would have by 2023, been
seen by specialists in Barrett’s Oesophagus who would have been able to offer various options for 
ongoing surveillance and potential treatments. However, there is insufficient evidence that this would 
have  changed  the  outcome  for  Mr  Jankovic,  given  the  nature  of  the  disease  and  its  known  poor 
outcomes despite surveillance. 

1a  Metastatic Oesophageal Cancer 

1b  Barrett's Oesophagus 

1c 

II 

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

The Inquest focused upon:- 

4 

a.  The practical aspects of administration of surveillance for Barrett’s patients in primary and 

secondary care; and 

b.  Whether the outcome would have been different for Mr Jankovic if surveillance had 

occurred as it should have 

. 
CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to concern. In my opinion 
there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action is taken. In the circumstances it is my 
statutory duty to report to you. 

5 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows. 

Coroner’s Office, The Old Courthouse, Courthouse Street, Pontypridd, CF37 1JW 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (1)  There are two cases that have recently come to my attention within the Cardiff area where 
patients have been diagnosed with Barrett’s, lost to follow-up and have gone on to die from 
oesophageal cancers; 

(2) There are inadequate processes in place to address this lacuna, particularly in primary care 
where a patient may not be a regular attender; 

(3) GPs frequently recall their patients with known, chronic issues such as asthma & diabetes, and 
there is a process for recalling women for smear tests for example, however Barrett’s does not 
currently benefit from such a recall exercise/audit, even though it is well-established to be a pre- 
cancerous condition; and 

(4) When prescribing drugs such as omeprazole or other PPIs for symptoms which may relate to 
Barrett’s, there is no prompt for GPs to consider whether the patient hits the relevant red flags 
which may benefit from endoscopy rather than a course of medication, or whether they have 
previously been diagnosed with the condition and ought to be under surveillance. 

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you and your 
organisations have the power to take such action. 
YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, namely by 
26th November 2025.  I, the Coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out the 
timetable for action. Otherwise, you must explain why no action is proposed. 

COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to family and Mr Jankovic’s GP who may find it useful or of interest. 

I am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response. 

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary form. She may 
send a copy of this report to any person who she believes may find it useful or of interest. You may 
make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response, about the release or the 

Coroner’s Office, The Old Courthouse, Courthouse Street, Pontypridd, CF37 1JW 

6 

7 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

1st October 2025 

SIGNED: 

9 

Rachel Knight H M Coroner for South Wales Central Coroner Area 

Coroner’s Office, The Old Courthouse, Courthouse Street, Pontypridd, CF37 1JW

Responses

2 responses published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Cardiff and Vale University Health Board (PDF)
Prifysgol

Cardiff and Vale
University Health Board

Bwrdd lechyd
Caerdydd a’r Fro

University Hospital of Wales
Ysbyty Athrofaol Cymru

17th March 2026

Dear HM Coroner,

I am writing to provide an update regarding the current position of the Barrett’s oesophagus
surveillance programme within the Endoscopy Service at Cardiff and Vale University Health board.

The Standard Operating Procedure for Surveillance has now been fully implemented. This ensures
a consistent and robust process for clerical validation of all surveillance waiting lists, alongside our
other endoscopy waiting lists.

Significant progress has been made in reducing overall waiting times. The total endoscopy waiting
list has decreased from approximately 6200 patients in January 2025 to 1200 patients in February
2026. This improvement has been supported by temporary measures supported by Welsh
Government funding, including insourced weekend endoscopy lists and a mobile endoscopy unit in
Llantrisant. Although the mobile unit did not directly undertake Barrett’s surveillance procedures, its
use contributed to reduce the overall waiting times and thereby improved capacity for Barrett’s
surveillance.  In addition, successful recruitment of speciality doctors and nurse clinical
endoscopists has strengthened the service. All patients who remain on the waiting list continue to
be reviewed and undergo clinical validation to ensure appropriate prioritisation. Waiting lists are
reviewed weekly to maintain oversight and progress.

At present, the patient who has been waiting the longest for an Oesophago-Gastro-Duodenoscopy
(OGD) on the Barrett’s surveillance waiting list was originally due in January 2026, representing a
delay of approximately two months. All patients whose procedures became overdue in January are
being scheduled for appointments this week to address and clear the backlog.

The approach to surveillance grading has been revised. The previous 4a, 4b, and 4c
categorisation system, introduced during the pandemic, has now been discontinued. Surveillance
intervals will instead be determined using evidence-based recall periods in line with disease
specific British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) guidance. This includes the application of
appropriate calculations to determine the extent to which patients are overdue and the utilisation of
disease-specific coding to support accurate clinical prioritisation.

Additionally, we are exploring the introduction of capsule sponge procedures in line with the
National Endoscopy Programme for Wales, which is currently under development. This innovation
is expected to enhance our surveillance capacity and improve patient pathways.

Yours sincerely,

 Interim Lead Nurse
Specialised Medicine
Response from Health and Social Services of Wales (PDF)
Ysgrifennydd y Cabinet dros Iechyd a Gofal Cymdeithasol  
Cabinet Secretary for Health and Social Care 

Rachel Knight 
HM Coroner for South Wales Central 

4 February 2026  

Dear Rachel Knight,  

Regulation 28 Report – Milos Jankovic 

Please accept my apologies for the delay in responding to your Regulation 28 report into 
the death of Milos Jankovic. 

I was sorry to read about the circumstances which led to Mr Jankovic’s death and would like 
to take this opportunity to offer my condolences to Mr Jankovic’s family and friends. 

I was concerned to read about the issues highlighted in your Regulation 28 report. Health 
boards in Wales are responsible for delivering healthcare, in line with recommended clinical 
practice, which includes the provision of surveillance procedures for conditions such as 
Barrett’s Oesophagus.  

Health boards should offer people with Barrett’s Oesophagus surveillance endoscopy every 
two to three years and more frequently if they develop pre-cancerous cells. A small 
proportion of people with Barrett’s Oesophagus will go on to develop oesophageal cancer.  

In terms of recalling people with Barrett’s Oesophagus for surveillance procedures, it is the 
secondary care team which manages this process. The need for surveillance is added to a 
patient’s record by the patient administration system used by the health board. Health 
boards operate standardised recall procedures and follow-up procedures for non-
responders to invite people for their surveillance appointments.  

I am not of the view that GPs should be engaged in recalling individuals or that their clinical 
record systems should be amended to include prompts to recommend surveillance. This 
would lead to a confusion of responsibilities and duplication in terms of booking procedures. 
GP systems should in general not use digital flags to prompt recommended clinical practice, 
as GPs should apply their training, clinical guidelines and locally-agreed clinical pathways 
for the management of any condition. Digital flags in GP systems should be reserved to 
highlight serious patient safety risks, such as allergies or safeguarding issues. 

Bae Caerdydd • Cardiff Bay 
Caerdydd • Cardiff 
CF99 1SN 

Rydym yn croesawu derbyn gohebiaeth yn Gymraeg.  Byddwn yn ateb gohebiaeth a dderbynnir yn Gymraeg yn Gymraeg ac ni fydd 
gohebu yn Gymraeg yn arwain at oedi.  

We welcome receiving correspondence in Welsh.  Any correspondence received in Welsh will be answered in Welsh and corresponding 
in Welsh will not lead to a delay in responding.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 With regard to the secondary care management of surveillance lists, unfortunately, there is 
a risk that process or administrative errors can occur. This may happen if, for example, 
clinical teams do not act on pathology results; if records are inaccurate or are misplaced; if 
validation or booking procedures are not completed accurately, or if there are breakdowns 
in communication with independent sector providers.  

It is with regret that I am unable to comment on whether such factors may have played a 
role in the death of Mr Jankovic. The responsibility for the operational delivery of the 
surveillance list rests with the health board concerned for his treatment – the Welsh 
Government has no access to health board records or digital systems and processes. The 
power and expertise to investigate the circumstances of Mr Jankovic’s death – and that of 
the other case you refer to – and the processes involved in managing the surveillance, lie 
with the health board.  

Could I therefore suggest, in this case, that you ask the health board concerned how it 
manages the surveillance waiting list for Barrett’s Oesophagus and ask it to identify any 
administrative failings involved, and how it can strengthen its records and processes to 
avoid future deaths. 

Yours sincerely,  

Ysgrifennydd y Cabinet dros Iechyd a Gofal Cymdeithasol  
Cabinet Secretary for Health and Social Care

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