Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2015

Kesia Leatherbarrow

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2015-0143, written 16 Apr 2015. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report16 Apr 2015
Reference2015-0143
DeceasedKesia Leatherbarrow
CoronerJoanne Kearsley
Coroner areaManchester South
CategoryOther related deaths · Child Death (from 2015)
Organisation namedPennine Care NHS Foundation Trust
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published4

The report

Text recovered by OCR from a scanned PDF. OCR is imperfect: check anything you rely on against the source PDF. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS
THIS REPORT |S BEING SENT TO:

Chief Constable Sir Peter Fahy
GMP Headquarters

Central Park

Northampton Road
Manchester

M40 5BP

Steven Pleasant
Chief Executive
Tameside Council
Council Offices
Wellington Road
Ashton under Lyne
OL6 6DL

Mr Tony Lloyd

Police and Crime Commissioner - Greater Manchester
Openshaw Complex

Lawton Street

Openshaw

M11 2NS

Jo Turton, Chief Executive
Lancashire County Council
PO Box 78

County Hall

Fishergate

Preston

Michael Court

Chief Executive

Pennine Care NHS Foundation Trust
225 Old Street

Ashton under Lyne

OL6 7SR

Chief Officer
MEDACS Healthcare
7" Floor

63 St Mary Axe
London

EC3A 8AA

Peter Lewis

Chief Executive

Crown Prosecution Service
Rose Court

2 Southwark Bridge
London

SE1 9HS

National Police Chiefs’ Council
1° Floor

10 Victoria Street

London

SW1H

ONN

Rt. Hon Eric Pickles MP

Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government
2 Marsham Street

London

SW1P 4DF

Rt. Hon Theresa May MP
Home Secretary

Home Office

Direct Communications Unit
2 Marsham Street

London

SW1P 4DF

Rt. Hon Jeremy Hunt MP
Secretary of State for Health
Department of Health
Richmond House

79 Whitehall

London

SW1A 2NS

CORONER

| am Miss Joanne Kearsley, Area Coroner for Manchester South District.

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

| make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice
Act 2009 and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations)
Regulations 2013.

http:/Awww. legislation .gov.uk/ukpga/2009/25/schedule/5/paragraph/7
http://legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/1629/part/7/made

INVESTIGATION AND INQUEST

On the 5" December 2013 | commenced an investigation into the death of
Kesia Lena Mary Leatherbarrow aged 17 years. The investigation concluded
at the end of the Inquest on the 6" February 2015.

The Conclusion recorded was a narrative conclusion indicating that, on the 3
December 2013 at (NN the deceased died as a result of tying
a ligature around her neck. There is not sufficient evidence to indicate that she
was intending to end her life. The deceased had moved to the Manchester
area on the 26" October 2013 since when she had interactions with a number
of agencies. There had been missed opportunities for agencies to obtain and
collate information, to carry out adequate assessments of the information they
held and to consider appropriate levels of support. Despite these failings there
is not the evidence to say on the balance of probabilities that any of these
matters caused or contributed to her death.

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

| do not propose to detail the significant evidence that was heard in this
case save to say that the brief circumstances were as follows:

The deceased had always resided with her family in the Lancashire area.
There had been increasing concern about her behaviour including her drug
use, her abusive and aggressive outbursts, self-harming and her mental
health. She had spent a month in July 2013 in the Platform facility in Preston,
Lancashire. This is a mental health facility for young people.

Upon her discharge matters deteriorated and on the 25th October Kesia was
arrested by Lancashire Police. Her behaviour whilst in custody was concerning
but she was not deemed to require sectioning under the Mental Health Act.

Following her release from custody on the 26" October she threatened to
jump from a bridge. The same day she went to live with her Father in the
Tameside area of Manchester. Kesia had had little contact with her Father and
he was not aware of all the recent issues and concerns surrounding Kesia.

From this point onwards Kesia had little contact with her mother and step-
father who understandably had been severely impacted by the difficulties they
had faced with Kesia.

Due to concerns about her behaviour whilst she was in police custody in
Lancashire, Lancashire Constabulary raised a safeguarding report to the
Multi-Agency Safeguarding Hub (MASH) which led to a referral to Lancashire
Children’s Services. This referral indicated that Kesia was a high risk and
likely to self-harm.

Given that Kesia was now residing in the Tameside Area the referral was then
forwarded by Lancashire Children’s Services to Tameside Children’s Services.

Upon receiving the referral only part of the information provided by Lancashire
was then cut and pasted onto Tameside’s own Referral Form which was
inputted onto the computer system. There was therefore incomplete
information on their own form although the Lancashire form was also scanned
onto the Tameside Computer system.

When the case was reviewed not all of the information was considered as only
the incomplete Tameside form was ever read. A decision was taken not to
open a file and conduct a social work assessment for Kesia but to send a
referral to the Child Adolescent and Mental Health Service (CAMHS).

Upon receipt of this referral Pennine NHS Foundation Trust assessed the
information provided by Tameside and sent the referral to the administrator of
the service for an appointment to be sent to Kesia. No appointment had been
sent to Kesia at the time of her death.

As a result of her arrest in Lancashire, Kesia was before the Magistrates Court
in Preston on the 5" November 2013. She received a referral order.
Lancashire Youth Offending Team attended court and noted Kesia’s new
address in Tameside.

However the case, which was then considered by at least 4 people in the
Lancashire Youth Offending Team, was not transferred over to the Tameside
Youth Offending Team at all prior to Kesia’s death. On four occasions there
was a failure to notice the new address for Kesia which was clearly marked on
the documentation on the file.

This meant that the referral order assessment and panel process was not
commenced and concluded within the national guidelines prior to her death.
There was also inappropriate thought given to breaching Kesia for non-
compliance of her referral order.

From the 26'" October 2013 (whilst in the Manchester area) Kesia, on at least
8 occasions prior to her arrest on the 30" November, had some interaction
with officers from Greater Manchester Police.

On one occasion she was reported as missing from home by her Father; she

was located the
following day residing with her boyfriend at the Armadale Road address.

On two occasions Kesia made calls to the police with allegations of domestic
violence against her by her boyfriend.

On another occasion she made a report of an assault against her by the ex-
partner of her boyfriend.

On the 25"" November Kesia attended at her Mother’s home in Lancashire
where she was aggressive, threatened to push her grandmother down the
stairs and had hold of a knife whilst threatening to self-harm.

Officers from Lancashire Constabulary attended, Kesia was calm at the time of
their arrival and she was taken back to her Father's house by her
Grandmother. Her Father was not provided with information as to the exact
nature of what had occurred.

Lancashire Constabulary made a further referral to their MASH which
assessed Kesia as a Medium Risk.

Following her move to the Manchester area the Inquest heard evidence which
indicated that from shortly after the 26"" October Kesia was not in fact residing
at her Father’s. She was in reality spending a lot of time residing with her
boyfriend and also staying in other accommodation.

On the 30" November Kesia was arrested in Manchester by Greater
Manchester Police for criminal damage and possession of cannabis. Shortly
after her arrest and before her arrival at the police station, Kesia’s
presentation changed and she was extremely abusive and aggressive.

She remained in police custody, for reasons set out below, until the Monday
morning when she was placed before the Court.

Her behaviour whilst in custody was of concern to custody staff and on two
occasions police requested the attendance of medical professionals from
MEDACS.

Whilst in custody, at the time of the first medical assessment, Kesia made a
threat to jump off a bridge if she was released from custody. This was
documented on the Risk Assessment Form on the custody record. A full risk
assessment was not completed on her arrival into custody nor at any stage
during her time in the police station.

Following her initial assessment by MEDACS there was a reasonable
assessment made that Kesia was intoxicated and a decision taken to allow
her time to sleep and potentially sober up. The Inquest heard evidence that
the first nurse was not able to complete her assessment of Kesia at this stage.

A second assessment by MEDACS was conducted sometime later. The

Inquest heard evidence about this assessment and also viewed the CCTV
footage. The Inquest found that this assessment was incomplete and fell well
short of being a meaningful assessment.

In addition the Inquest heard evidence as to whether MEDACS should be able
to access records held about an individual if they had been assessed by their
staff in a different police force area. When assessed in Manchester by
MEDACS access to her Lancashire MEDACS records would not have been
possible as her name had been entered as unknown and not updated.

During her interview and subsequent time in custody Kesia’s behaviour
remained concerning. A decision was taken not to bail Kesia but to keep her in
custody in part due to the concerns officers had about her safety. The Inquest
heard evidence as to the legislation surrounding 17 year olds in custody and
additionally the availability of PACE beds for children in custody.

Whilst in custody Kesia had access to an appropriate adult. The request for
an appropriate adult was made by Greater Manchester police to Tameside
Social Services. A form was then sent to the volunteer who attended the
police station. In Manchester the volunteer Appropriate Adult Scheme is run
by the Police and Crime Commissioner (PCC). The form completed by the
appropriate adult should then be faxed back to Social Services. This did not

happen.

Information about the threat Kesia had made to jump off a bridge was passed
to the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) by way of the MG7 but it was not
noted on the Prisoner Escort Record.

At Court Kesia was seen by her solicitor, Tameside Youth Offending Team
and GEO Amey staff before her appearance in Court. At no stage did they
become aware of the threat Kesia had made whilst in police custody as this
was known only to the CPS.

No remand application was made therefore the CPS did not place the
information as to her threat before the Court.

Whilst being held at the Magistrates Court Kesia’s behaviour caused concern.
Bail checks on appropriate addresses were not carried out. Kesia was
released with a bail condition of residence at her Father's address.

She left court and went to her boyfriend’s address where she stayed the night.
She was found later the next morning in the garden of the property having tied
a ligature around her neck.

Coroner Concerns

During the course of the Inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to

concern. In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless
action is taken. In the circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you.

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows:-

GOVERNMENT

Legislation and the provision of Local Authority Accommodation

1. The Inquest heard evidence that recent changes to legislation means
that whilst in custody 17 year olds are now treated as children for the
purposes of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act (PACE). However
the failure to make legislative changes to the supporting legislation
means that for 17 year olds there is an anomaly in the system
particularly around the provision of accommodation for a 17 year old
who is refused bail. For these purposes a 17 year old is still classed
as an adult and not a child and therefore there is no requirement for
local authorities to provide accommodation. This would require primary
legislation.

There remains no legal requirement for local authorities to provide
accommodation for 17 year olds who will then have to remain in police
custody if bail is refused. The result is that 17 year old children risk
being kept in custody for longer than necessary if there is nowhere
suitable for them to be bailed to.

2. In addition the Inquest also heard evidence as to the reality of the
situation in practice and the availability of such accommodation for
those children to whom the law currently does apply i.e. 16 years and
younger. The Inquest heard that across Greater Manchester it is
estimated that, until recently, in only 10% of cases where the police
requested such a service from a local authority a bed was available.
Attempts are being made to address this issue but at present the figure
remains at approximately 20% and the Inquest heard evidence that this
was, “not good enough’.

Again the facts heard at this Inquest seem to suggest that children
younger than 17 are at risk of being held in custody longer than
necessary due to a lack of appropriate facilities. The court heard
evidence that the police are in the undesirable position of having to
decide whether to detain someone (potentially unlawfully) or release
them when they feel it may be unsafe to do so.

3. It was clear throughout the Inquest that the legislation relating to 17
year olds presented challenges to those professionals who had contact
with Kesia. For the purposes of safeguarding and the Children’s Act
she remained a child, being someone under the age of 18. Equally,
however, she was old enough to consent to be in a sexual relationship.
The Court was left with little doubt that the differing legislative
provisions for 17 year olds pose unique challenges for professionals in

dealing with people of this age.

ACPO NATIONAL POLICE ISSUE
Exit Risk Assessments

1. The Court heard that since Kesia’s death Greater Manchester Police
have implemented a system to try and ensure that this situation does
not happen again. It was therefore decided to hold a joint medical and
police exit risk assessment when someone who has displayed self-
harm ideation or behaviour leaves custody.

Initially this was introduced for people aged 17 and under but as of
January 2015 it was extended to all people leaving custody.

Whilst this has been a significant commitment from Greater Manchester
Police and has required the funding for an additional Doctor the Court
heard evidence that so far this risk assessment has been conducted on
over 144 people leaving custody.

This is clearly capturing a large number of people who are displaying
signs of similar behaviour or thoughts as Kesia did whilst in custody and
the Court heard that a joint medical and police risk assessment on their
exit from custody is essential in trying to ensure appropriate support
when they leave the police station.

LANCASHIRE YOUTH OFFENDING TEAM AND TAMESIDE YOUTH
OFFENDING TEAM

1. The Court heard evidence as to the poor understanding and
communication between the Youth Offending teams of Lancashire and
Tameside following Kesia’s re-location to the Manchester Area. There
was a failure by Lancashire to note her move which led to a delay in her
case being transferred, but in addition there was a failure in the
communications with Tameside for each team to understand what was
being requested and to have oversight of the situation. This led to a
lack of involvement with Kesia and a proposal to breach her. It also
meant that no effective work was being carried out with her and a
missed opportunity to recognise her developing situation in terms of her
lack of residence and drug use.

GREATER MANCHETSER POLICE

Safequarding Responsibilities

1. The Inquest heard a great deal of evidence from officers as to their

understanding and actions. No intelligence was placed on Kesia’s
nominal profile despite a number of concerning contacts with her by
officers. It is a core function of the police to submit such intelligence.

. Greater Manchester Police has no stand-alone safeguarding policy for

matters which are not criminal. There is no clear guidance to officers
regarding what to do to raise safeguarding issues. There is no process
for the recording of safeguarding concerns. There is confusion and a
lack of understanding as to which agencies officers should refer to and
where this should be recorded. The fact that there was no record of
Greater Manchester Police’s involvement with Kesia, despite her having
been reported missing from home, information about drugs, self-harm
and being in a relationship with a much older individual did not flag-up
one safeguarding referral to another agency was concerning.

Force Wide Incident Notices (FWINS)

‘Ls

There were a number of reported incidents relating to Kesia and her
involvement with Greater Manchester police which necessitated the
opening of a FWIN. The Court heard evidence as to the failure to pass
on complete information to the officers who then subsequently attended
on Kesia including on one occasion the fact that it had been
communicated that she had a knife. The court heard evidence that the
failure to pass on important information could impact on the safety of
the officers and others and also lead to missed opportunities for
safeguarding.

Closing Codes for Domestic Violence Incidents

if

Evidence was heard that when a FWIN is closed a code is attached to
it. For domestic violence incidents the closing code relates to people
over the age of 16 as being adults. This means that the case is not
then automatically passed through to the Child Protection Team within
Greater Manchester Police for a review even if one of the people
involved is still a child - i.e. is 17 years of age.

Whilst the case would still be considered by the Public Protection
Investigation Unit however the availability for the child protection unit to
have all the information relating to children may be beneficial.

Checks carried out by Public Protection Investigation Unit

its

Evidence was given to the Court that when a Domestic Abuse, Stalking
and Harassment form (DASH) is submitted to the PPI unit, where the
risk level is standard then no checks on the Police National Computer
or the Police National Database are carried out. The rationale for this
was not clear although DC Evans indicated this may be due to the
volume of work. Clearly the PNC can hold vital information about a
potential offender.

10

Custody Handovers

1. The Court heard evidence that the handovers which ensure that
custody officers taking charge for detainees and their welfare have to
conduct such handovers in their own time. The system at present relies
on officers and staff attending work early and sometimes staying late
after a 12 hour shift to provide a handover. Whilst it is clear there would
need to be some overlap in the times people are on duty, the Court
heard evidence as to the quality of the handovers which is clearly
impacted by the fact that this crucial part of the information sharing
process relies entirely on the free-time of officers and staff.

The Court was advised that the provision of custody within GMP is
currently under review but at present the position remains as it was in
2013.

Completion of the Prisoner Escort Record

1. The Prisoner Escort Record form was completed over 12 hours prior to
Kesia leaving police custody. It was not checked or amended prior to
her release and it failed to contain crucial information indicating that
whilst in custody Kesia had made a threat to jump from a bridge. This
should have been included.

GREATER MANCHESTER POLICE AND _PENNINE CARE NHS
FOUNDATION TRUST

Tameside Diversion Project

1. The Court heard evidence regarding a project in Tameside similar to
one in Newcastle the aim of which was apparently to divert young
people from the Criminal Justice System. However the Court heard
that the Tameside Youth Diversion Project is not working as intended.
The plan being that once someone is arrested there should be
consideration to diverting the young person away from the Criminal
Justice System if there is evidence of emotional disturbance / self-harm,
etc. The court heard evidence that in Tameside this signposting is only
taking place to the mental health services once the young person has
been processed through the Criminal Justice System and is not in fact
acting as a diversion pathway. There was no evidence from those
working in custody that any consideration was given to this scheme for
Kesia and there appeared to be little knowledge of the scheme. On
the face of the evidence the current system appeared to duplicate the
work carried out by the 16-19 Mental Health Service.

GREATER MANCHESTER POLICE / POLICE AND CRIME

COMMISSIONER AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES

11

Appropriate Adult Scheme:

These concerns relate solely to the Appropriate Adult Scheme.

During the course of the Inquest the Court received a copy of the Protocol in
place between the Police and Crime Commissioners Office, the Local
Authorities and the Police. Evidence was heard from the Social Worker who
received the call from GMP requesting an Appropriate Adult for Kesia and the
Appropriate Adult who attended.

yf

The evidence of the Social Worker was that until the commencement
of the Inquest she was not aware and had not had sight of the Protocol
document. It was her understanding that in all cases except for
murder/rape and terrorism offences that an Appropriate Adult from the
volunteer scheme would attend. It was not her understanding of the
system in place that she should be assessing the information given to
her by the police to consider whether it was more suitable for the
attendance of a Social Worker. She indicated that if she had been
aware of this she would have made further enquiries as to how Kesia
was presenting in custody in order to make that assessment.

She also indicated that when she was contacted by Greater
Manchester Police no concerns at all were raised as to how Kesia had
been in custody ( at this stage she had been in custody for over 12
hours). She was not advised that Kesia had been assessed as
intoxicated on arrival, nor that she had been seen by MEDACS, nor that
she had threatened to jump off a bridge on her release. She indicated
that if she had been aware of these matters she would have asked her
colleague social worker who was also on call and who was an
approved Mental Health Social Worker to attend as the Appropriate
Adult.

The Court heard evidence that following her attendance the appropriate
adult completed the relevant form which would normally be faxed back
to Social Services by Greater Manchester Police Officers. It was her
understanding that this was the responsibility of Greater Manchester
Police and that she also thought that on receiving the form Social
Services may want to, “ do something further possibly have proper
metal health assessment on Kesia”.

Evidence from Tameside Social Services indicated that they did not
receive the completed form in relation to Kesia and that it was not
unusual not to receive the completed forms in any cases.

Whilst the Court was informed that the PCC have facilitated the
availability of equipment to Greater Manchester Police so that the form
can be scanned back to Social Services, there was nothing in the
protocol document which placed the responsibility for the return of this
form_on the Custody Staff. Nor was any evidence presented that

12

Custody Staff had been made aware that this was their specific
responsibility.

Having heard the evidence It seems that the Custody Staff can be very
busy and the passing of this responsibility to them is onerous. Allowing
the Appropriate Adults to use the relevant equipment themselves
before they leave to ensure that they fulfil their responsibilities is one
thing, but the complete abrogation of responsibility from the Appropriate
Adult to Custody Staff who have no role save to telephone social
services requesting an Appropriate Adult is entirely different. Indeed
given the independence of the Appropriate Adult and their role it may
also be a conflict.

Similarly the Court heard evidence as to the signing of the Appropriate
Adult Form by the Custody Sergeant. It was confirmed in evidence by
Sergeant Simpson that his understanding is he signs the form so as to
confirm what time the Appropriate Adult finishes dealing with the
detained person. It is not his role to oversee the quality of the work. and
advice given by the Appropriate Adult.

Again there did not appear to be anything in the protocol to suggest that
this was a responsibility which had been accepted by Greater

Manchester Police.

The quality of the information given by the appropriate adult on the
completed form was insufficient in light of all the information which had
been made available to her about Kesia and the behaviour she had
witnessed. Important information such as the threat made by Kesia
was not placed onto the form which in correct circumstances should
have been passed onto social services for their consideration —
particularly given that Kesia was a child and there were obvious
safeguarding concerns.

. For children in custody where there are significant concerns as to their

behaviour and risk to themselves and no family members have been
identified as suitable Appropriate Adults ( or who will not attend)
consideration should be given as to whether the Appropriate Adult
should in all cases be a social worker.

MEDACS

dy

The Court heard and saw CCTV evidence of the second medical
assessment which was conducted on Kesia. It was the Court's view that
this fell far short of what was expected in order to reach any
conclusions as to the fitness and wellbeing of Kesia. It was clear that a
medical assessment could not be completed and in these
circumstances this should be fully explained to the police and the
record endorsed accordingly rather than simply endorsing that
someone is fit to be detained/interviewed or transferred.

13

2. The Court also heard evidence that the same medical assessment is
carried out for every detained person in custody regardless of whether
that is a 17 year old child with mental health difficulties or a 69 year old
man with a heart condition. There is no difference in the mental health
assessments for children as opposed to adults. Consideration should
be given as to any different requirements for the assessment of
children, who by nature of the fact that they are in a police station are in
a particularly difficult and vulnerable situation.

3. Similarly the Court heard that no safeguarding referral was made about
Kesia despite information about her self-harming, drug and alcohol use.

MEDACS and GREATER MANCHESTER POLICE

1. The Court heard evidence as to the reasons why Greater Manchester
Police requested the attendance of MEDACS. It was apparent to the
Court that the expectations of the police as to the precise medical
assessment being carried out and the conclusions of the assessment
may not always be the same as the expectations and understanding of
MEDACS. So for example the police may consider they are requesting
MEDACS for a mental health assessment and the assessment in reality
may simply assess whether the individual is fit to be detained. There
needs to be greater understanding between the police and MEDACS as
to what the assessment has consisted of and what it has concluded
and how.

2. In addition, prior to a medical assessment taking place, there should be
a full record made as to what information MEDACS staff have had
access to. The Court heard evidence in this case that on some
occasions a copy of the custody record may be physically available for
MEDACS staff but there was no clarity as to whether this included
previous risk assessments, whether this was a complete record and
there was no recorded evidence to indicate what information had been
passed to MEDACS by the police and who had provided the
information.

CROWN PROSECUTION SERVICE

1. Whilst recognising that the CPS do not have the same safeguarding
responsibilities they had clear evidence as to the threat that Kesia had
made and this was not put before the Court nor passed on to any other
agencies. Nor was any additional information sought from GMP.
There was a lack of understanding between GMP and the CPS as to
how such important information should be shared between ‘agencies.

PENNINE CARE NHS FOUNDATIONS TRUST / TAMESIDE YOUTH
OFFENDING TEAM and MEDACS

1. The Court heard evidence about two matters involving Mental Health

14

Services and other agencies. IMI gave evidence that in his
view there would be interaction between their service and Tameside
Youth Offending Team with regards to Kesia. This would either be done
once the case had been passed to Amy Valentine or if Tameside YOT
contacted their service. This did not occur as the file had not been
processed at the time of Kesia’s death but also because of the
confusion between the Youth Offending Teams involved with Kesia
which meant she was never picked up by Tameside. The plan that
Kesia should be monitored for any interim changes in her risk did not
therefore occur.

GREATER MANCHESTER LOCAL AUTHORITIES AND GREATER
MANCHESTER POLICE

Multi- Agency Safeguarding Hubs

mh

The Court heard evidence as to the effective working in Lancashire
County Council and Lancashire Constabulary of the Multi-Agency
Safeguarding Hub (MASH). It was clear from the evidence that the
interactions Lancashire Constabulary Officers had with Kesia led to a
simple, effective means of passing on safeguarding information to the
MASH. This was not the system in Manchester and the Court heard
evidence that the development of MASHs across Manchester is still
ongoing. The Court heard evidence that in Manchester different hubs
work differently with different agendas — some relate to domestic
violence only and not all of them deal with safeguarding of children.
The Court was advised that the plan is that by the end of the year
across Manchester there will be fully operational safeguarding hubs but
that each different local authority wants to go about it in a different way.
This will mean that there is a lack of consistency in approach across the
different local authorities in Manchester as to what will be dealt with.
Worryingly some will not deal with the safeguarding of children and
such an approach may lead to a lack of consensus and understanding
of their roles. In addition such an individual approach will need careful
understanding by other agencies as to what can be referred and what
cannot — potentially exacerbating an already difficult and confusing
situation.

ALL AGENCIES

1.

Having heard the evidence the Court felt that there was a degree of
confusion and misunderstanding between all the agencies as to their
roles, what they are able and not able to do and also where to access
important and effective information. By way of brief examples, when
Kesia was in custody MEDACS contacted the Crisis Team to see if
Kesia was known to them, Kesia had never been involved with the
Crisis Team. There was no contact made with the Mental Health
Services who did have information that she was waiting for an

15

appointment or with the Youth Offending Team. Tameside Youth
Offending Team did not have access to Tameside Children’s Social
Care records so did not realise that Kesia had been referred to them.

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and | believe
you have the power to take such action.

YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this
report, namely by 11" June 2015. |, the coroner, may extend the period.

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken,
setting out the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action
is proposed.

COPIES and PUBLICATION

| have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following
Interested Persons namely, namely to the family of Kesia.

| am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or
summary form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he
believes may find it useful or of interest. You may make representations to me,
the coroner, at the time of your response, about the release or the publication
of your response by the Chief Coroner.

Date: 16" April 2015

Miss Joanne Kearsley
H M Area Coroner
Manchester South

Responses

4 responses published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Cps (PDF)
Je Crd te

Peter Lewis CB
Chief Executive

Miss J Kearsley

Area Coroner — Manchester South
Coroner's Court

1 Mount Tabor Street
STOCKPORT 7

Your Ref: JSP/KN/02606-2013
15 June 2015

Dear Miss Kearsley,
Re: Kesia Lena Mary LEATHERBARROW (Deceased)

| refer to your letter of 16 April enclosing your Regulation 28 Report. | have noted carefully
the background to this very regrettable incident and the concerns you have expressed,
particularly those concerning the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS).

| have now obtained a report from vr Acting Chief Crown Prosecutor for CPS
North West. | am aware that he ensured the CPS in Greater Manchester co-operated with the

Inquest procedure throughout and was represented by counsel at the hearing earlier this
year.

As you rightly highlight in your letter, a number of agencies have taken steps to change their
practices and this includes the CPS. | accept that it is critical that vital information about the
welfare of individuals held in custody pending their first appearance before the court, is
shared as efficiently as possible. This is particularly important in proceedings involving young

people such as Kesia.

The Chief Crown Prosecutor for Greater Manchester is in dialogue with the relevant Assistant
Chief Constable for GMP, participating in his “Gold meetings” associated with this case, and
looking at the wider issues and lessons which can be learned from the tragic outcome of
Kesia’s case. The good working practice identified in Lancashire is being considered as part

of this exercise.

The CPS Operations Directorate has also been considering the national implications and as
a result ensured we have modified CPS training so advocates conducting youth court cases

are reminded that a youth can always be remanded for their “own welfare”.
INVESTORS
IN PEOPLE

Private Office, Crown Prosecution Service, Rose Court, 2 Southwark Bridge Road, Southwark, London SE1
9HS
Telephone: 020 3357 0891 Email: privateoffice@cps.gsi.gov.uk Web: www.cps.gov.uk

As you mention in your Report, recent changes in legislation, particularly the newly enacted
Legal Aid and Sentencing of Offenders Act, should ameliorate the Position of those attaining
the age of 17 so that they are treated for custody purposes as all other youths.

Please do not hesitate to contact me again if you feel | can assist further.

Yours sincerely,

Veer bound

PETER LEWIS
CHIEF EXECUTIVE
Response from Department of Health (PDF)
aoe Rt Hon Alistair Burt MP
Minister of State for Community and Social Care

Department
of H ealth Richmond House
79 Whitehall
London
SWI1A 2NS
POC3000940554

Tel: 020 7210 4850
Mr J. Pollard

Senior Coroner

Coroner’s Court

1 Mount Tabor Street

Stockport 18 JUN 2015
SK1 3AG

Dew My Pollard ,

Thank you for your letter of 16 April 2015 following the inquest into the death of
Kesia Leatherbarrow. I was very sorry to hear of Kesia’s death and wish to extend
my sincere condolences to her family.

You found that there were missed opportunities for the many agencies involved in
Kesia’s care to obtain and collate information, to carry out adequate assessments of
the information they held and to consider appropriate levels of support. Although no
NHS bodies appear to have been involved directly with Kesia there are important
learning points for both this department and the NHS.

Many of the issues you raise in your report concern the actions and lack of
coordination of the local services. We have therefore shared your report with NHS
England.

NHS England confirms that there was no nationally specified Liaison and Diversion
(L&D) provision in Greater Manchester at the time of Kesia’s death. These services
identify, assess and refer people with mental health, learning disability, substance
misuse and social vulnerabilities at first contact with the police and criminal justice
system.

The NHS England Health & Justice North West Team is currently working with
providers within the Greater Manchester area to develop L&D in line with the
national specification. Extending the L&D national service specification to all of
England will be dependent on approval by H.M. Treasury.

On the provision of mental health services generally, children, young people and
those who care for them should be able to obtain high quality mental health care
when they need it. The Children and Young People’s Mental Health Taskforce,
jointly chaired by the Department of Health and NHS England, has considered the
specific issues facing highly vulnerable children and young people who find it
particularly difficult to use appropriate services.

In March, the Government published a report of the Taskforce’s work, Future in
Mind. This sets out a national ambition to transform the design of services for
children and young people with mental health needs. This includes linking services
so pathways are easier to navigate for all, particularly the most vulnerable.

NHS England is reshaping the way these mental health services are commissioned
and delivered over the next 5 years. Its current planning guidance, Forward View
into Action, emphasises the importance of joint work across agencies. It has also
published a model service specification for child and adolescent mental health
services to assist local commissioners in commissioning services involving
multiagency care.

NHS England will prioritise further investment (announced in the Autumn Statement
and recent budget) in those areas that have published Local Transformation Plans
aligned with the overarching principles described in the Future in Mind report.

From April 2016, NHS England will take on commissioning responsibility for
healthcare for people in police custody. A partnership board of NHS England and the
40 English police forces will take this work forward. Further background
information can be found at:

http://www.england.nhs.uk/commissioning/health-just/

I hope that you find this reply helpful and that the actions being taken give some re-
assurance to you and Kesia’s family of the importance of improving provision. I am
grateful to you for bringing the circumstances of her death to my attention

fa Sen tanh

Dp OSL
—_—

ALISTAIR BURT
Response from Home Office (PDF)
Sec wre ke

Home Secretary
2 Marsham Street

.
i-4 ff London SW1P
ome Office Leen SAO

Miss Joanne Kearsley

Area Coroner, Manchester South
Coroner’s Court

1 Mounth Tabor Street
Stockport

SK1 3AG

10 June 2015

Dear Joanne,

Regulation 28 report: The inquest of Kesia Lena Mary Leatherbarrow

Thank you for your letter of 16 April and for sharing your findings in relation to
the tragic death of Kesia Leatherbarrow. | take this case and the treatment of
children and. vulnerable people by the police extremely seriously and am

committed to taking action.

Your report, sent under Paragraph 7 of Schedule 5 to the Coroners and
Justice Act 2009 and Regulation 28 of the Coroners (Investigations)
Regulations 2013, covered a range of matters and identified a number of
concerns, some of which are the responsibility of other agencies. You will
understand, therefore, that in this letter | will respond to the matters addressed
directly to the Government for which the Home Office has responsibility.

17 year olds under Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984

Your report sets out that PACE legislation should be amended so that 17 year
olds are always treated as children. Following a review of the provisions
concerning the treatment of 17 year olds under the Police and Criminal
Evidence Act 1984, the Government has committed to changing the law to
ensure that 17 year olds are treated in the same way as 10 to 16 year olds as
soon as a legislative opportunity arises. In November 2014 we were able to
work closely with the Ministry of Justice to use the Third Reading of the
Criminal Justice and Courts Bill to make a partial change to the current
provisions in PACE, specifically in respect to Part IV of PACE (including
Section 38(6)), relating to police detention. The Criminal Justice and Courts
Act subsequently received Royal Assent on 12 February and PACE has been
changed to require 17 year olds, for the purposes of detention after charge, to
be treated as 10 to 16 year olds in police custody and therefore be transferred

to local authority accommodation. Planning is underway to amend the
remaining provisions of PACE which treat 17 year olds as adults, which |
intend to include in the forthcoming Policing Reform and Criminal Justice Bill,
announced in the Queen’s Speech on 27 May 2015.

Transfer of children under Section 38(6)

Your report sets out that the provision of local authority accommodation is
insufficient. As part of the work to extend Section 38(6) of PACE my officials
became aware of issues concerning the operation of this provision. This is
deeply concerning and in January the Secretary of State for Education and |
wrote to local authorities in England reminding them of their absolute duty of
care under Section 21(2)(b) of the Children Act 1989 to provide
accommodation for children denied bail under Section 38(6) of PACE.

In March, the National Policing Lead for Custody wrote to all forces reminding
them of their responsibilities to ensure that as few children as possibie are
spending time detained in police custody. | have commissioned the
establishment of a multi-agency working group to better understand the issues
and develop solutions. No child should be spending time in custody

unnecessarily.

Every death is a tragedy, particularly in the very sad circumstances
surrounding Kesia Leatherbarrow. This Government is committed to ensuring
that children and vulnerable people more generally are treated appropriately,
that police officers are more effective in spotting signs of distress, and that
children are treated with dignity and respect.

a

The Rt. Hon Theresa May MP
Response from Pennine Care NHS Trust (PDF)
ahaa)

Pennine Care NHS}

NHS Foundation Trust

Trust Headquarters
225 Old Street
Ashton-under-Lyne
Lancashire

OL6 7SR

Telephone: 0161 716 3000

15™ June 2015
Our Ref: MMc/KH
STRICTLY PRIVATE & CONFIDENTIAL Departient: Trust Headquarters

Extension:

Miss J Kearsley Fax: 0161 716 3037

Area Coroner

HM Coroner
Manchester South
The Coroner's Court
Mount Tabor
Mottram Street
Stockport, SK1 3PA

By e-mail:
joanne.kearsley@stockport.gov.uk a

Dear Miss Kearsley
Re: KESIA LEATHERBARROW 7
Thank you for your letter of 16" April enclosing your Regulation 28 report.

At page 13 you have dealt with issues relating to Pennine Care NHS Foundation

Trust and have stated .......... “the Court hea t about two matters involving
Mental Health services and other agencies. gave evidence that in his

view there would be interaction between their service and Tameside Youth Offending
Team with regards to Kesia. This would either be done once the case had been
passed to Amy Valentine or if Tameside YOT contacted their service. This did not
occur as the file has not been processed at the time of Kesia’s death but also
because of the confusion between the Youth Offending Team involved with Kesia
which meant that she was never picked up by Tameside. The plan that Kesia should
be monitored for any interim changes in her risk did not therefore occur’.

In January 2014 the Trust completed their investigation into their involvement with
Kesia and identified a number of problems which reflect your own findings.

These included:-

1. Kesia had prior involvement from Mental Health Services in Chorley and
recent involvement with the police in Tameside. Adequate and timely sharing

of information was not undertaken.

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2. There had been no transition of care from Chorley Mental Health and Youth
Offending Services or multi-agency support and therefore there was limited
information available regarding Kesia’s needs.

3. There was no contact with CAMHS services by the police following Kesia
having been in police custody the preceding weekend despite an established
diversion pathway, and a specific Youth Justice Mental Health Practitioner

being in post.

4. Although Kesia’s referral was screened in a timely manner, contingency
advice about accessing more urgent or emergency mental health assessment
within Tameside had not been provided to Kesia and her family.

5. The response to the referrer and written letter to Kesia and her carers
regarding the confirmation of her appointment date, details and information
regarding the service had not been despatched at the time of her death.

6. Awritten summary of all letters from Chorley Mental Health Services and a
summary from her in-patient admission were not available and may have
been relevant in supporting decision making.

An action plan was implemented following the Trust’s review which included:-

1. The development of a single point of access. CAMHS and RAID workers now
hit SIT together to ensure that patients can be speedily and effectively
referred to the appropriate service.

A tracking system has been implemented to monitor and ensure administration time
scales are being met. This recommendation has been incorporated into the
Tameside CAMHS 16 ~ 18 referral protocol which deals with routine referrals by the
Tameside Access Team, inappropriate routine referrals and referrals by the RAID
team. Tracking pro formas are now completed. The pro forma and referral are
passed to the administrator who notes the outcome of the MDT discussion (during
which the client has been discussed) in the referral book. If felt appropriate, the
administrator identifies a suitable time and date following discussion with the team.
There follows a standard letter sent to confirm receipt of the referral and advise of
the time, date, location and identity of the assessors to the young person. The letter
provides information with regards to an interim safety plan. The letter advises the
referrer and the young person’s GP that the referral has been received, screened
and accepted for assessment. A file is then made up by the administrator which
contains a copy of the referral and accompanying paperwork. This is placed in the
drawer of the 16 — 18 office which contains 12 slings each designated to a particular
month. The current month’s sling is audited on a weekly basis during the whole
team meeting and remedial action is taken in the event of any delay in the referral

process.

When referrals are accepted a further letter confirming the appointment is sent within
21 days of the appointment.

2. It is now standard practise that upon receipt of referrals where there has been
prior involvement with young people from other mental health services the
CAMHS mental health team ensure written clinical summaries, including risk
assessments and care plans are requested in addition to telephone contact

made to gather background information.

3. The health diversion pathway has been re-published and re-promoted to
Tameside Police and the Youth Offending Team to increase use of the

pathway.

The Youth Justice Mental Health Practitioner is now jointly supervised by Pennine
Care.

4. The multi-agency panel for vulnerable offenders which meets every two
weeks now also has capacity to deal with children and young people.
Individuals are discussed during these local meetings and ways in which they
can be diverted from the criminal justice system considered. The emphasis
now is to ensure children do not remain in police custody or other penal

institutions.
The Trust accepts and shares the concerns that have been raised by you and has
taken appropriate steps to minimise the risk of similar problems arising in the future.
Those working at the Trust with young people believe there has been a total cultural

shift within GMP with an emphasis on safeguarding children and primary
consideration as to how children and young people can be diverted from the criminal

justice system.

Yours sincerel

) Michael McCourt
Chief Executive

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