Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2022

Yuksel Ismail

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2022-0263, written 25 Aug 2022. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report25 Aug 2022
Reference2022-0263
DeceasedYuksel Ismail
CoronerEmma Whitting
Coroner areaBedfordshire and Luton
CategoryRoad (Highways Safety) related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text extracted from the PDF text layer. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

Regulation 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS 

NOTE:  This form is to be used after an inquest. 

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT DEATHS 

THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: 

1 

 CEO Bedford Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust 

1  CORONER 

I am Emma WHITTING, Senior Coroner for the coroner area of Bedfordshire and Luton 
Coroner Service 

2  CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS 

I make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 
and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. 

3 

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST 

On 09 December 2021 I commenced an investigation into the death of Yuksel Bedri ISMAIL 
aged 23.  The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on 24 August 2022.  The 
Narrative Conclusion of the inquest was that: 

After absconding from a nearby hospital, the Deceased was struck by an HGV on the M1 
and suffered fatal injuries. 

4  CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH 

Shortly before 19.30 hours on 28 November 2021, the Deceased was witnessed to run into 
the path of an oncoming HGV on the M1 motorway. Despite the driver of the HGV taking all 
possible avoiding action, the Deceased was struck by the front nearside of the HGV and was 
fatally injured; although, he was taken by paramedics to the Luton & Dunstable Hospital, 
his death was confirmed at 20.30 hours. He had been admitted to the Luton & Dunstable 
Hospital earlier that day after having been found in a vulnerable state and had been 
assessed by the Psychiatric Liaison Team as being psychotic, lacking in mental capacity, 
and in need of a MHA assessment.  In view of his vulnerability, the Psychiatric Liaison 
Service staff had also requested the Accident and Emergency Staff to provide him with 1:1 
observation as they were concerned about him leaving the hospital. Whilst still awaiting a 
full MHA assessment, shortly after 19.00 hours, he had been transferred by the same 
member of staff carrying out the 1:1 observation to a Ward but, during the transfer, had 
absconded and exited the hospital site heading towards the M1. 

5  CORONER’S CONCERNS 

During the course of the investigation my inquiries revealed matters giving rise to concern. 
In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths could occur unless action is taken.  In the 
circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you. 

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows: 
(brief summary of matters of concern) 

Regulation 28 – After Inquest
Document Template Updated 30/07/2021 

 1. The Court was told that an SI investigation had not been completed by the Trust in this
case; however, the PEARL Meeting on 3 December 2021 acknowledged that "the current
transfer policy needs reviewing...the transfer policy implemented around the mental health
patients should be prioritised as there are risks involving patients and staff, all depending
on the assessment of the patient".  Despite this and ELFT's own SI Report (disclosed to the
Trust before the PIRH held on 26 May 2022) having highlighted the need for PLS staff to be
involved in any decision regarding patients waiting for MHA assessment, or who may need
to be conveyed to another area within the hospital site as 'such patients are high risk and
often unpredictable', by the start of the Inquest held on 24 August 2022, there was no
evidence of  Bedford Hospitals NHS Trust's acceptance of the recommendations made.
Whilst at lunchtime on the day of the Inquest itself, the Court was provided with a draft of
a new Transfer Policy, this Policy still did not appear to have addressed the main issue:
- Whilst it includes "Confused, disorientated, self-harming, suicidal or displaying erratic or
aggressive behaviours" and "patients at risk of absconding" in the list of 'At risk' patients in
Section 3, the needs of such patients are still not addressed in the Assessment Tool
(Appendix 4) nor is the need for consultation with the PLS staff about any of the
escort/transfer arrangements.

2. Although ELFT's SI Report (disclosed to the Trust before the PIRH held on 26 May 2022)
had highlighted that "There is a need for staff involved in transferring patients, including
security staff, to have training in the exercise of the Mental Capacity Act to ensure that
patients who are assessed as lacking capacity with identified risks to self are unable to
leave the emergency department" and recommended that "training be provided to acute
Trust colleagues on the application of the Mental Capacity Act, its use to restrain/prevent
somebody leaving the department if they are deemed to lack capacity and there are
concerns regarding their risk should they leave, and where the person has capacity but
remains a risk to the themselves", there was no evidence before the Inquest of Bedford
Hospitals NHS Trust's acknowledgment or consideration of this.
Instead:

- The Court heard from several Trust witnesses including a ED Sister, that they considered
they had no powers to detain someone within the ED;

- The statement provided to the Inquest by the ED Lead, 
Court along with notice that he would NOT be available to attend the Inquest even though
at the PIRH the Court had made it clear that the witness providing evidence of relevant
Trust Policy would need to attend the Inquest) appeared confused about the powers
available:

 (provided to the

Para 12 "Physical restraint is permitted in circumstances where the patient is confirmed to 

lack mental capacity and the 

restraint is necessary to preserve life or health and is proportionate to risk" 
Para 17 "Even if a single security officer had assisted with the transfer, they would be 

unable to physically restrain as the 

restraint policy specifies a minimum of two security officers are required for this and Mr 

Ismail was not subject to lawful DOLS at that point"; 

- PLS Staff stated that they have known of other patients leaving the ED whilst awaiting a
MHA assessment

6  ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN 

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and I believe you (and/or 
your organisation) have the power to take such action. 

7  YOUR RESPONSE 

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this report, 
namely by October 20, 2022.  I, the coroner, may extend the period. 

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken, setting out the 

Regulation 28 – After Inquest
Document Template Updated 30/07/2021 

 timetable for action.  Otherwise you must explain why no action is proposed. 

8  COPIES and PUBLICATION 

I have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the following Interested 
Persons 

Chief Executive ELFT -

I have also sent it to 

PC 

who may find it useful or of interest. 

I am also under a duty to send a copy of your response to the Chief Coroner and all 
interested persons who in my opinion should receive it. 

I may also send a copy of your response to any person who I believe may find it useful or 
of interest. 

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or summary form. 
He may send a copy of this report to any person who he believes may find it useful or of 
interest. 

You may make representations to me, the coroner, at the time of your response about the 
release or the publication of your response by the Chief Coroner. 

9  Dated: 25/08/2022 

Emma WHITTING 
Senior Coroner for 
Bedfordshire and Luton Coroner Service 

Regulation 28 – After Inquest
Document Template Updated 30/07/2021

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Bedfordshire Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (PDF)
Luton and Dunstable University Hospital 
Lewsey Road 
Luton 
LU4 0DZ 
Tel 01582 491166 
www.bedfordshirehospitals.nhs.uk 

20th October 2022 

HM Senior Coroner 
The Bedfordshire and Luton Coroner Service 
The Court House 
Woburn Street 
Ampthill 
MK45 2HK 

Dear Mrs Whitting 

Re: Yuksel Bedri Ismail – Regulation 28 Report to Prevent Future Deaths 

I am writing in response to your Regulation 28 Report to Prevent Future Deaths, issued on 
26th August 2022, following the Inquest into the death of Mr Ismail, which concluded on 24th 
August 2022. 

I would like to begin by extending my sincere condolences to the family of Mr Ismail for their 
loss. I appreciate this will still be a very difficult time for the family.  

In response to evidence heard at the Inquest you raised some concerns around the policy for 
transferring patients within the hospital and also the knowledge of our Emergency Department 
staff in respect of the powers available to them under the Mental Capacity Act 2005. 

This letter sets out the Trust’s formal response.  

We acknowledge that our SI decision panel, PEARL, did not declare this an SI. On reflection 
we agree this was not the correct decision and have taken steps to ensure that in future 
greater consideration as to investigation requirements is given to incidents of a similar 
nature.  The most appropriate criteria in this case would have been a joint investigation 
between ELFT and BHFT, and we will take this learning forward for the future. 

We note that at the SI decision panel, PEARL, whilst we did identify that immediate 
improvements were required to our Transfer Policy, these had not been fully actioned by the 
time of the inquest.  For this we apologise and have included a copy of the revised policy. 
The policy has been updated in collaboration with colleagues at ELFT and now more fully 
addresses patient needs.  We have added Section 4.7 around patient transfers for those 
identified at risk of absconding, and Appendices 6, 7 and 8 now support this addition to the 
policy.   

Cont….. 

                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Collaborative work between the Trust and ELFT will also be ongoing to ensure embedding of 
protocols  and  increased  safety  when  it  is  necessary  for  mental  health  patients  to  be 
transferred. 

In response to concerns regarding application of the Mental Capacity Act and restraint training, 
the Emergency Department together with the Trust’s Safeguarding Team have worked with 
colleagues  at  ELFT to  review  the  current  provision for  staff  in the  Emergency  Department. 
This has led to amendments which include updates to MCA and restraint training for junior 
doctors in the Emergency Department and monthly shared learning forums with the PLS and 
the acute medicine team where particularly complex cases are also reviewed. 

I hope that this response provides assurance to Mr Ismail’s family and to you that the Trust 
has taken the learning from the Inquest very seriously and continues to improve its policies 
and procedures, and has put in place measures to ensure safe and effective services. 

Yours sincerely  

Chief Executive Officer

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