Prevention of Future Deaths reports · 2017

Henry Prow

Regulation 28 report to prevent future deaths, reference 2017-0227, written 11 Sep 2017. A coroner writes one of these when an inquest reveals a risk that could cause further deaths unless something changes.

Date of report11 Sep 2017
Reference2017-0227
DeceasedHenry Prow
CoronerEmma Carlyon
Coroner areaCornwall and the Isles of Scilly
CategoryRoad (Highways Safety) related deaths
Sourcejudiciary.uk record · original PDF
Responses published1

The report

Text recovered by OCR from a scanned PDF. OCR is imperfect: check anything you rely on against the source PDF. Reproduced verbatim, including the scan's own layout.

REGULATION 28: REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS

Henry Prow, deceased.

REGULATION 28 REPORT TO PREVENT FUTURE DEATHS
THIS REPORT IS BEING SENT TO: DVLA and The Department of Transport

DVLA Chief Executive — Mr Oliver Morley, Chief Executive’s Office, DVLA,
Swansea, Wales, SA6 7JL

Secretary of State for Transport — Mr Chris Grayling, Department for
Transport, Great Minster House, 33 Horseferry Road, London, SW1P 4DR

CORONER

| am Dr E Emma Carlyon the Senior Coroner for Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly.

CORONER’S LEGAL POWERS

| make this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice
Act 2009 and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations
2013.

INVESTIGATION and INQUEST

Henry Prow (date of birth 22.11.1957) of Orchard View, Lower Carblake,
Cardinham, Bodmin died in a single vehicle road traffic collision on 12" August
2016. His death was referred to the Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Coroner. After a
post mortem, an Investigation was opened on 18" August 2016 and an inquest
opened on 6" December 2016. The Inquest hearing took place on 2" June 2017 at
Truro Municipal Buildings. The cause of death was established as 1a) Multiple
injuries; 2) Diabetes; Renal, hepatic and vascular disease.

CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DEATH

Henry Prow was returning from a weekly routine medical appointment at
Derriford Hospital on 12"" August 2016 in his Vauxhall Insignia VRN [i
He had multiple medical and physical disabilities which required him to drive an
automatic car with assisted steering. He was driving along the A38 Dobwalls
by-pass at around 66 mph when he failed to reduce his speed for unknown
reasons on approaching the Twelvewoods Roundabout resulting in the car
colliding with the curb by the separation barrier at around 12.36 pm. As a result
of this collision, the car left the ground and rotated about its longitudinal axis and
then collided with the cheveroned sharp deviation of route sign and posts on the
roundabout. Mr Prow received fatal injuries from the collision and died at the
scene. He was not wearing a seat belt or using the required assisted steering at
the time of the collision. A medical event prior to the collision could not be
excluded.

Mr Prow suffered from significant medical problems including severe diabetic
nephropathy with vascular disease, left hemiplegia due to CVE, liver transplant
for primary sclerosing cholangitis and hepatitis C, type II diabetes and was on
antidepressants. This caused him to have no use of his left arm, limited use of
his left leg and limited movement and feeling in his right foot. It is understood
that_a condition of his licence was to have the vehicle modified to allow the

vehicle ancillary controls to be operated by the driver using one hand while
driving. He had held a driving licence since 1978.

CORONER’S CONCERNS

During the course of the inquest the evidence revealed matters giving rise to
concern. In my opinion there is a risk that future deaths will occur unless action
is taken. In the circumstances it is my statutory duty to report to you.

The MATTERS OF CONCERN are as follows. —

At the inquest concerns were raised by the police and a friend as to the criteria
required by the DVLA and Department of Transport for the issuing and
surrendering of driving licences and the terms and conditions for ensuring
appropriate modification of driver’s vehicles.

Mr Prow had been a very fit and active man and worked as a training instructor
in the Army for 3 years. As a result of his deteriorating poor health he lost his
mobility and he was keen not to lose his driving license which would reduce his
independence. At inquest it was considered that the collision was possibly
preceded by Mr Prow having a medical issue/event.

The DVLA appears to have limited mechanisms for drivers to be formally
medically reviewed for the purpose of being medically fit to drive. In particular in
cases where drivers have deteriorating health or fluctuating health (of which
they may not have insight) as in the case of Mr Prow.

It is understood that at present the treating GP/doctors or the driver themselves
have a duty to advise the DVLA of medical issues which can affect a person’s
ability to drive. A driver’s voluntary surrender of a driving licence (especially in a
rural area with little public transport) may have a serious detrimental effect on
their health and social/employment situation making it unrealistic expectation on
the driver in many cases. There was concern, that the driver's GP/doctors could
have a conflict of interests in such situations as they would have a duty to inform
the DVLA of medical issues which could result in the surrender of the driving
licence which could/would result in deterioration of the patient/doctor
relationship e.g. such as patients withholding significant medical information with
their doctors for fear of losing their licence.

There were also concerns that there appeared to be no mechanism for ensuring
the required modification to the vehicles were still relevant to the vehicle that
they were driving at the time (he had changed cars since requirement made and
his health had deteriorated) and were appropriately in place and used .

ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN

In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and | believe you
[AND/OR your organisation] have the power to take such action.

To review the manner in which licences are issues and surrendered on health
grounds and the method and criteria for assessing this e.g. the consideration of
independent medical assessment or a compulsory medical at time periods.

To review the mechanism for ensuring the required modification to vehicles are

still relevant to the vehicle and to the medical issues of the driver and that these
modifications were fitted and used appropriately.

YOUR RESPONSE

You are under a duty to respond to this report within 56 days of the date of this
report, namely by 6"" November 2017. I, the coroner, may extend the period.

Your response must contain details of action taken or proposed to be taken,
setting out the timetable for action. Otherwise you must explain why no action is
proposed.

COPIES and PUBLICATION

| have sent a copy of my report to the Chief Coroner and to the followj
Interested Peraons: TT (Brother), | have also sent it a
of the Serious Collision Investigation Team, Devon and Cornwall Police who
may find it useful or of interest.

| am also under a duty to send the Chief Coroner a copy of your response.

The Chief Coroner may publish either or both in a complete or redacted or
summary form. He may send a copy of this report to any person who he
believes may find it useful or of interest. You may make representations to me,
the coroner, at the time of your response, about the release or the publication of
your response by the Chief Coroner.

[DATE] [SIGNED BY CORONER]
41/09/2017 Cugaloeth Erne Cortyen

Responses

1 response published against this report on judiciary.uk. A response is a body's written reply to the coroner's concerns; publication is at the discretion of the Chief Coroner's office, so an absent response does not mean nobody replied.

Response from Department for Transport (PDF)
wick
) 47 18" 2018 From the Parliamentary
RES under Secretary of State
Jesse Norman MP
Department
Great Minster House
for Transport . 33 Horseferry Road

London
SW1P 4DR

Tel: 0300 330 3000
Dr Emma E Carlyon Email: jesse.norman@dft.gsi.gov.uk

Senior Coroner for County of Cornwall
The New Lodge

Penmount ,

Truro 15 JAN 2qdp
TR4 9AA

Web site: www.gov.uk/dft

Thank you for your letter and report of 7 September following the inquest you
conducted into the death of Mr Henry Prow. | was sorry to read of the
circumstances of Mr Prow’s death and | can assure you that | have
considered your report and its recommendations very carefully.

Your report suggests that the process for issuing and surrendering driving
licences on health grounds and the criteria used for assessing fitness to drive
for those with health conditions should be reviewed. The current driver
licensing process is underpinned by a legal requirement that all drivers must
inform the DVLA at any time of a medical condition that affects safe driving.
The required health standards for driving are based on the views of medical
experts from across Europe and are provided for in law. The detail of these
standards is informed by the opinion of eminent experts on a number of
honorary medical advisory panels which consider health and driving.

All drivers must meet the appropriate health standards for driving and the
DVLA will investigate those who notify a medical condition. Such
investigations usually involve obtaining information from the driver and
possibly their doctor or specialist. The DVLA will only issue a licence to those
who meet the required standards.

Your reports suggests that when deciding whether someone is medically fit to
drive, consideration should be given to using independent medical
assessment. | can confirm that in more complex cases, the DVLA already
uses independent medical or driving assessments before deciding whether to
issue a driving licence.

The DVLA can also issue a licence of limited duration when required, as in Mr
Prow’s case, to allow someone's fitness to drive to be closely monitored on a
regular basis. The length of the licence issued is based on the advice of
medical experts and will depend on the medical condition concerned.

After reviewing Mr Prow’s records, officials have confirmed that he had been
in regular contact with the DVLA about his medical conditions. Mr Prow's
driving licence had been regularly reviewed since 2001. Mr Prow had also
notified the DVLA outside of the driving licence renewal process when he
suffered a stroke in 2011 and when he had laser treatment on his eyes in
2013. In January 2014, the DVLA arranged for Mr Prow’s visual acuity and
field to be tested. Mr Prow’s health met the appropriate standards and a
driving licence, valid for three years, was issued on 18 February 2014. Mr
Prow also had a driving assessment following a discussion with Motability
Operations Ltd regarding the possible termination of the lease of his vehicle
due to a lack of mobility following the stroke. The assessment recommended
that Mr Prow should drive a car with automatic transmission and modified
steering.

The current process focuses on those drivers who have a medical condition.
It is designed to be fair and proportionate without penalising those drivers
with disabilities who continue to drive safely. There is little evidence to
suggest that introducing a stricter regime which includes mandatory medical
or practical driving assessments would improve road safety. To impose such
a requirement without the appropriate evidence would be overly bureaucratic
and potentially very costly. Britain’s roads are some of the safest in the world
and our road safety record compares favourably with other countries with
stricter and more intrusive driver licensing regimes.

You have also suggested that there should be mechanisms in place to ensure
that any required modifications to a vehicle are still relevant and are fitted and
used appropriately. By law, drivers must ensure that they are able to control
a vehicle safely and be able to meet any conditions or restrictions on their
licence. Drivers who require adaptations to their vehicle and whose licence is
noted with the appropriate code can only legally drive a vehicle fitted with the
specified adaptations. The police are responsible for enforcing compliance
with the requirements of any restricted driving licence.

There are a number of businesses and charitable organisations that provide
advice on vehicle adaptation solutions for people with limited mobility. Driving
Assessment Centres can also be a first point of contact to offer advice to
drivers on driving aids and adaptations. Vehicle dealerships will also be
aware of accredited manufacturers and installers and can offer advice about
available vehicles and suitable adaptations.

Every time a driver renews their entitlement they are asked to confirm
whether they require special controls to be able to safely control a vehicle and
what these are. These would be checked and recorded on any subsequent
driving licences issued. However, | can confirm that the DVLA is currently
reviewing how restrictions imposed on driving licences as a result of a
medical condition or disability are communicated to drivers, particularly when
they change their cars.

| note the concern you have expressed that GPs may have a conflict of
interest in notifying the DVLA of their patient's medical condition. Medical
professionals, and GPs in particular, play an important role in the driver
licensing process by advising their patients of the implications of their
condition on driving, the effect of any treatment or medication and whether
they should notify the DVLA.

As | have outlined, drivers are legally responsible for notifying the DVLA if
they have a medical condition. However, the General Medical Council (GMC)
has revised its guidance to doctors on reporting concerns to the DVLA. The
revised guidance states that doctors do not need to seek a patient’s consent
to contact the DVLA if they do not feel it is safe and practical to do so. The
GMC advises doctors to alert patients to conditions and treatments that might
affect their ability to drive and remind them of their duty to tell the DVLA.
Doctors may, however, decide to disclose relevant information without
consent to the DVLA, in the public interest, if a patient is unfit to drive but
continues to do. This can be done via a dedicated “doctor to doctor’
telephone line or by email to one of the DVLA’s qualified doctors.

| am grateful to you for bringing this case to my attention and for the
recommendations you have made. | hope the information in this letter
reassures you that the appropriate processes in place for addressing the
issues you have raised. However, | can assure you that these processes are
kept under review and where improvements are identified, these are put in
place. ;

bse

JESSE NORMAN

Related reports

Other reports by Emma Carlyon

See all →

More reports categorised “Road (Highways Safety) related deaths”

See all →

Track Road (Highways Safety) related deaths

See every Prevention of Future Deaths report matching Road (Highways Safety) related deaths, and how often a new one appears.

What would an alert for this have sent me? Search the full text

Free to try — the preview shows the real matches and how many arrived in the last 12 months. Your first email alert is free.

These reports are published by the Chief Coroner's office at judiciary.uk and are © Crown copyright. The text here is reproduced from the published PDF so it can be searched. If something on this page is wrong, or you are a person named in it and want it reviewed, email drcjar@gmail.com and we will act promptly.